Electronic devices based on density wave dielectrics

Details Electronic devices based on density wave dielectrics Electronic devices based on density wave dielectrics

2002-01-09

2004-05-11

Dinkins, Anthony (Department: 2831)

Electricity: electrical systems and devices

Electrostatic capacitors

Fixed capacitor

C361S313000, C361S321100, C361S321500, C361S281000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06735073

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to electronic devices that use dielectrics.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
Cuprates are crystalline materials with complex unit cells that contain copper-oxygen planes. Such materials often have quasi-one or quasi-two dimensional structures. Exemplary quasi-one dimensional cuprates include cuprate ladder materials. Exemplary quasi-two dimensional cuprates include high-temperature superconductors.
FIG. 1
is a perspective view along the c-axis of a generic cuprate ladder material
10
. The cuprate ladder material
10
has the form of a stack along the crystal's b-axis. The stack includes alternating Cu
2
O
3
sheets
12
and CuO
2
chains
14
. The Cu
2
O
3
sheets
12
and CuO
2
chains
14
are separated by rows of atoms
16
whose relative percentages are determined by the crystal's stoichiometry. For a crystal with the stoichiometry (Sr
14−x
Ca
x
)Cu
24
O
41
, the atoms
16
are Sr and/or Ca atoms.
FIGS. 2
a
,
2
b
, and
2
c
are side views of the Cu
2
O
3
sheets
12
, CuO
2
chains
14
, and rows of Sr, Ca
16
of one unit cell
18
of cuprate ladder material
10
of FIG.
1
. The Cu
2
O
3
sheets
12
include a ladder-like building block
19
of copper (light circles) bonded to oxygen (dark circles). In the Cu
2
O
3
sheets
12
, copper-oxygen ladders
19
link together via oxygen linkages. The CuO
2
chains
14
also have a building block
20
of copper bonded to oxygen. In the unit cell
18
, the Cu
2
O
3
sheet
12
and CuO
2
chain
14
have an almost commensurate structure in which seven blocks
19
match to ten blocks
20
along the c axis.
FIGS. 1
,
2
a
-
2
c
show that copper-oxygen ladders
19
define an anisotropy axis for the crystalline cuprate ladder material
10
. The anisotropy axis is referred to as the c-axis. Due to the copper-oxygen ladders
19
, cuprate ladder materials behave as quasi one-dimensional (1D) materials. Many such cuprate ladder crystals are 1D anti-ferromagnets with 1D lattice directions along the c-axis. It is believed that the copper-oxygen ladders cause the cuprate ladder crystals to behave as anti-ferromagnets.
Herein, a quasi-1D material has a strong anisotropy along a selected lattice axis. In exemplary quasi-1D materials, conductivities or dielectric constants are, at least, three times larger along the selected axis than along the remaining lattice axes.
SUMMARY
Various embodiments advantageously include dielectrics that are quasi one-dimensional (1D) materials. The quasi 1D materials may have charge or spin density wave state in which their dielectric constants have giant real parts. Some of these dielectric constants have giant real parts at room temperature and above.
In one aspect, the invention features a capacitor having two electrodes and a quasi 1D dielectric material disposed between the electrodes. The dielectric material has a charge or spin density wave state.
In another aspect, the invention features an antenna having first and second electrodes and a quasi 1D dielectric material. The electrodes are located adjacent portions of the dielectric material. The dielectric material has a charge or spin density wave state.


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