Molding materials

Details Molding materials Molding materials

2002-03-01

2004-01-20

Sanders, Kriellion A. (Department: 1714)

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...

Reexamination Certificate

active

06680350

ABSTRACT:

This Application is a 371 of PCT/EP 00/08251 Aug. 24, 2000.
The present invention relates to moulding compositions of transparent thermoplastic polymers and phthalocyanines or naphthalocyanines, the production and use thereof and products made from these moulding compositions, especially glazing made of these moulding compositions.
When transparent thermoplastic polymers, especially polycarbonate, are used in motor vehicles, buildings or in similar applications, e.g. for glazing, the high heat transmission under insolation, i.e. the high transmission of near infrared light, leads to undesirable heating up of the interior.
As described for example in Parry Moon, Journal of the Franklin Institute, volume 230, pages 583-618 (1940), the majority of solar energy apart from the visible range of light between 400 and 650 nm lies in the near infrared (NIR) range between 650 and 1100 nm. The conventional transparent thermoplastic polymers, especially polycarbonate, are highly transparent both in the visible range and in the NIR. These therefore lead to the above-mentioned disadvantages when used as glazing material.
The addition of suitable NIR absorbers to transparent thermoplastic polymers could lead to glazing materials without these disadvantages.
Glazing materials are needed which, while having the highest possible transparency in the visible range of the spectrum, have the lowest possible transparency in the NIR
Inorganic NIR absorbers are known in the literature. However, owing to their low compatibility with transparent thermoplastics, these lead to very cloudy mouldings which are unsuitable as glazing for many applications.
Organic NIR absorbers are also known in the literature, e.g. in B. J. Fabian, H. Nakazumi, H. Matsuoka, Chem. Rev. 92, 1197 (1992).
For the above applications, high long-term light resistance is also necessary for exterior applications, together with good processability without decomposition of the polymer matrix and without the release of foul-smelling gases in industrial-scale production. In addition, for ecological and legal reasons, halogen-free NIR absorbers and naphthalocyanines should be used if possible.
NIR absorbers with high lightfastness are e.g. phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines. However, in addition to absorption in the NIR, conventional phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines also display high absorption in the visible light range. This is undesirable for many applications. Moreover, many phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines are not sufficiently miscible with transparent thermoplastic polymers, especially polycarbonate, for non-cloudy mouldings to be formed.
Up to now, only phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines with N, S or halogen-containing side groups have been known which have their maximum absorption at more than 700 nm and form non-cloudy moulding compositions with polycarbonate.
In EP-A 767221, for example, phthalocyanines are described which have aminofunctional side groups in order to improve solubility. However, additives with amino groups or amide groups can lead to degradation of the molecular weight of polycarbonate and other transparent thermoplastic polymers. Phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines without groups of this type should therefore be used.
In JP-A 06 240 146, phthalocyanines are described which have sulfur-containing substituents. When these compounds are processed on an industrial scale, however, sulfur-containing decomposition products can occur, which are usually foul smelling and toxic. Sulfur-containing additives should therefore be avoided.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,712,332, fluorine-containing phthalocyanines are described which absorb in the NIR For ecological and legal reasons, however, halogen-free moulding compositions should be developed.
The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing moulding compositions which are suitable as glazing materials for motor vehicles and buildings and which are highly trasparent in the visible light range and have low transparency for NIR.
The object according to the invention is achieved by moulding compositions containing
a) a transparent thermoplastic polymer and
b) 0.1 ppm to 1 wt. %, based on the mass of the transparent thermoplastic polymer, of a phthalocyanine of the general formula (I)
wherein
M is any atom or any compound, preferably VO, Cu, Al, Zn, Ni, 2 hydrogen atoms, SiR
2
, AlR, Mg, Fe, GaR, MnR, SnR, 2 sodium atoms, 2 lithium atoms, 2 potassium atoms or TiO, particularly preferably VO or Cu,
and
R is an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, preferably one without N, S or halogen atoms and particularly preferably one without N, S or halogen atoms and with 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 10, C atoms
and
X
1
to X
16
, independently of one another, are hydrogen, an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, wherein none of these radicals contains any N atoms, S atoms or halogen atoms and wherein at least one of the substituents X
1
to X
16
, in particular at least four of the substituents X
1
to X
16
, is not hydrogen, preferably hydrogen, an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, wherein none of these radicals contains any N, S or halogen atoms and wherein at least one of the substituents X
1
to X
16
, in particular at least four of the substituents X
1
to X
16
, is not hydrogen, and wherein all these radicals which are not hydrogen contain 1 to 30 C atoms, preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, and particularly preferably hydrogen, an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, wherein none of these radicals contains any N, S or halogen atoms and wherein at least one of the substituents X
1
to X
16
, in particular at least four of the substituents X
1
to X
16
, is not hydrogen, and wherein all these radicals which are not hydrogen contain 1 to 10 C atoms, and wherein these radicals which are not hydrogen are bulky radicals, such as e.g. tert.-butyl, phenoxy or phenyl radicals,
or a naphthalocyanine of the general formula (II)
wherein
M is any atom or any compound, preferably VO, Cu, Al, Zn, Ni, 2 hydrogen atoms, SiR
2
, AlR, Mg, Fe, GaR, MnR, SnR, 2 sodium atoms, 2 lithium atoms, 2 potassium atoms or TiO, particularly preferably VO or Cu,
and
R is an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, preferably one without N, S or halogen atoms and particularly preferably one without N, S or halogen atoms and with 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 10, C atoms,
and
X
1
to X
24
, independently of one another, are hydrogen, an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, wherein none of these radicals contains any N, S or halogen atoms and wherein at least one of the substituents X
1
to X
24
, in particular at least four of the substituents X
1
to X
24
, is not hydrogen, preferably hydrogen, an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, wherein none of these radicals contains any N, S or halogen atoms and wherein at least one of the substituents X
1
to X
24
, in particular at least four of the substituents X
1
to X
24
, is not hydrogen, and wherein all these radicals which are not hydrogen contain 1 to 30 C atoms, preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, and particularly preferably hydrogen, an aliphatic radical, an aromatic radical, an alkoxy radical or an aryloxy radical, wherein none of these radicals contains any N, S or halogen atoms and wherein at least one of the substituents X
1
to X
24
, in particular at least four of the substituents X
1
to X
24
, is not hydrogen, and wherein all these radicals which are not hydrogen contain 1 to 10 C atoms, and wherein these radicals which are not hydrogen are bulky radicals, such as e.g. tert.-butyl, phenoxy or phenyl radicals,
and by the production thereof, by the use thereof and by products made from these moulding compositions.
Particularly preferred phthalocyanines are copper(II) 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octabutoxy-29H,31H-phthalocyanine or vanadyl 2,9,16,23-tetraphen

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