Refrigeration – Refrigeration producer – Sorbent type
Patent
1994-08-08
1996-04-16
Bennett, Henry A.
Refrigeration
Refrigeration producer
Sorbent type
62 79, 62480, F25B 2500, F25B 1708
Patent
active
055071589
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The subject of the invention is a device for indirect production of cold for refrigerating machine.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Solid/gas chemical heat pump installations are already known which make use of the phenomena of adsorption or absorption. Compression refrigerating machines are likewise known which also use ammonia as the refrigerant fluid. These machines have, however, a number of drawbacks such as the risks of serious accidents in the event of corrosion of the exchangers, when the ammonia is then released into the surroundings. The difficulties posed by the ammonia pressure reduction members in chemical refrigerating machines are also known. Moreover, indirect systems for producing cold generally require auxiliary pumps to transfer the fluids, and relatively complex regulating devices. Such installations are not however entirely satisfactory because they lead to higher costs, and entail additional energy consumption whilst making regulation complicated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A general object of the invention is to provide an installation which does not have the abovementioned drawbacks of the known installations.
A particular object of the invention is to provide an installation in which the heat transfers at the cold source and at the heat source are effected by means of an intermediate transfer device using a superposed heat pipe, that is to say a heat syphon with liquid/vapour phase change.
Another object of the invention is to provide an installation with solid/gas chemical reaction or with adsorption, in which the pressure reduction member is eliminated.
A further object of the invention is to provide an installation for producing cold by compression, in which the fluid for transfer at the exchangers onto external fluids is different from that used by the refrigerating compressor, thus making it possible to use NH.sub.3 compressors, and to have available an economizer device used when the temperature of the external fluid on the condenser side is less than that on the evaporator side.
The invention will be clearly understood from the following description which is given by way of example and with reference to the attached drawings,
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an installation according to the invention
FIG. 2 is a variant with a water evaporator
FIG. 3 is a variant in cold production by solid/gas machine functioning with solar energy
FIG. 4 is a variant for compression systems
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a component of the invention
FIG. 6 is a variant of the invention for a chemical reaction machine including two salts
FIG. 7 is a variant of the invention for a chemical-reaction refrigerating machine including three salts, as described for example in Patent Application Lebrun/Mauran/Spirmer No. 8913913
FIG. 8 is a variant of FIG. 1 for an installation including two reactors, allowing continuous operation
FIG. 9 is a variant of FIG. 6 for an installation with two salts and continuous operation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A device for indirect production of cold, according to the invention, FIG. 1, includes an evaporator 21 which cools an enclosure CF, the said evaporator forming part of a closed refrigerating circuit independent of the refrigerating circuit of the solid/gas machine. A condenser 17 is placed in the reservoir 14 containing the liquid 15. This reservoir is thermally insulated on the outside (or inside) by an insulating material 16, and is in contact with the chemical reactor R via a pipeline 10, a condenser 11, and a pipeline 13. In the synthesis phase of the reactor, the liquid 15 (NH.sub.3) vaporizes because of the heat supplied at low temperature by the condenser 17. The vapour 24 formed is then sucked in by the reactor R. During this phase, the intermediate fluid which condenses in 17 is directed into the reservoir 18 then enters the evaporator 21 under gravity, passing through the regulating valve 20 whose function is to regulate the temperature of the refrigerated enclosure CF. T
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Bennett Henry A.
Doerrler William C.
Elf Aquitaine
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