Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g. – Directive – Including a steerable array
Reexamination Certificate
2001-06-08
2003-10-14
Tarcza, Thomas H. (Department: 3662)
Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g.,
Directive
Including a steerable array
C343S7000MS
Reexamination Certificate
active
06633257
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an antenna element for realizing equivalent gain for plural frequencies and to a radio apparatus applicable to plural radio communication systems having different frequency domains by having this antenna element mounted thereon.
2. Description of Related Art
In a radio communication system, such as a portable telephone system, which has come into surprisingly widespread use, not only call services but also transmission services for transmission of text information, such as E-mail. In the portable telephone system, downloading services for received melodies or character distributing services have met high acclamation. In the portable telephone system, a wide variety of measures are being taken to transmit the various forms of the information more speedily and at a higher quality. In near future, high quality moving picture information will also be transmitted in real-time.
As a new system to cope with high transmission speed in inland use, services conforming to IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telecommunication-2000) are scheduled to be started in the field of the portable telephone system. In this system, services can be furnished for the time being at a rate of 384 kbits/sec, against 64 kbits/sec of the pre-existing system, as a result of allocation of a new frequency band (2 GHz band). In the portable telephone system, a need exists for an equipment that enables various information signals to be received in this new frequency band.
In each radio communication system, the frequency band is prescribed, such that the limited frequency range needs to be exploited efficiently. The radio communication system needs to be designed so that an equipment exploiting the system will receive only the desired electrical waves while not receiving other electrical waves which prove to be interference, in order to permit the system to be exploited efficiently. In the radio communication system, an adaptive array antenna
100
, shown in
FIGS. 1
to
3
, is mounted on the equipment exploiting the system.
Referring to
FIG. 1
, the adaptive array antenna
100
includes plural antenna element
101
, plural reception circuit units
102
for demodulating high harmonics received by the respective antenna element
101
, and a parallel signal processing circuit unit
103
for optimizing the signals optimized by the reception circuit units
102
. The adaptive array antenna
100
is adapted for simultaneously receiving high frequency signals oncoming from different directions by the antenna element
101
and for interrupting high frequency interference signals.
The respective reception circuit units
102
down-convert the high frequency signals received by the respective antenna element
101
to demodulate the received signals to bit signals. The parallel signal processing circuit unit
103
optimally synthesizes bit signals supplied from the reception circuit units
102
. The adaptive array antenna
100
synthesizes bit signals in the manner of cancelling the information other than the information needed in the parallel signal processing circuit unit
103
, and the noise, to operate as if the unit
100
is oriented in alignment with the direction of electrical waves for which antenna directivity is required, while being null with respect to the direction of oncoming of interference electrical waves.
The adaptive array antenna
100
provides plural outputs from the parallel signal processing circuit unit
103
, so that, if there are two or more information that are required, the respective information will be output separately. That is, the adaptive array antenna
100
has characteristics such that it operates with plural directivities in meeting with the number of the required information. The adaptive array antenna
100
features enabling reception of plural information employing the same frequency band possibly present in the same space without crosstalk to achieve effective utilization of the frequency band.
The antenna element
101
includes, as shown in
FIGS. 2 and 3
, a rectangular dielectric substrate
104
of e.g., Teflon (trade name of a product manufactured by DuPont de Nemur), a grounding conductor
105
provided on a first major surface
104
a
of the dielectric substrate
104
, plural radiating conductors
106
bonded to a second major surface
104
b
of the dielectric substrate
104
and a feeder line
107
interconnecting the grounding conductor
105
and the radiating conductors
106
. The dielectric substrate
104
has a specific inductive capacity &egr;
0
and includes plural feeder guide holes
108
passing through the first major surface
104
a
and the second major surface
104
b
, as shown in FIG.
3
.
The grounding conductor
105
is a metallic plate of, for example, copper or brass, bonded to the first major surface
104
a
of the dielectric substrate
104
. On the bottom surface of the grounding conductor
105
are arranged the reception circuit units
102
. The radiating conductors
106
are bonded to the second major surface
104
b
of the dielectric substrate
104
kept parallel to the grounding conductor
105
. The radiating conductors
106
are formed e.g., by chips of metal, such as copper or brass, each being of a square shape with each side being L in length. The length L of each side of the radiating conductor
106
is &lgr;/2, where &lgr; is the wavelength of the wave transmitted/received. The length L of the radiating conductor
106
is also set by
2
L=c
/(
f
0×{square root over (&egr;0)})
where f
0
is the transmission frequency and c is the light velocity.
The feeder line
107
is a coaxial cable passed through the feeder guide hole
108
to interconnect the radiating conductors
106
and the associated reception circuit units
102
. Although not shown in detail, the feeder line
107
has its shell conductor and a core line connected to the grounding conductor
105
and to the radiating conductors
106
, respectively.
In the above-mentioned adapter array antenna
100
, high frequency signals
109
(
109
a
,
109
b
,
109
c
) of the same frequency band, transmitted from different directions, are received by respective antenna element
101
, as shown in FIG.
3
. In the adapter array antenna
100
, the high frequency signals
109
are down-converted in the respective reception circuit units
102
associated with the antenna element
101
for demodulation to bit signals. As shown in
FIG. 1
, the adapter array antenna
100
synthesizes the bit signals supplied from the respective reception circuit units
102
in the parallel signal processing circuit unit
103
such as to cancel the information other than the information needed in the parallel signal processing circuit unit
103
and noise to output the resulting signal.
In the radio communication system, plural systems employing different frequency bands have come to be furnished, as described above, such that equipment to be used in the system are required to cope with these systems. If the equipment is to be usable in common by the respective radio communication systems, plural antennas adapted to the respective systems are needed, thus being increased in size and cost.
consideration that the portable telephone system has become surprisingly widespread on account of the small size and weight and inexpensiveness of the equipment, it is not possible to permit the portable telephone set to be bulky in size and costly with the introduction of new portable telephone system as described above. So, the new portable telephone system has an inconvenience that a portable telephone set furnished is not compatible with the conventional portable telephone set.
The conventional adaptive array antenna controls the directivity in the same frequency band to enable effective frequency utilization. If this adaptive array antenna is to be applied to plural systems having different frequency bands, plural antenna adapted to the specifications of the respective systems need to be used, as in other types of the antenna.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Maioli Jay H.
Mull F H
Tarcza Thomas H.
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