Kiwi plant named ‘Hortgem Wha’

Details Kiwi plant named ‘Hortgem Wha’ Kiwi plant named ‘Hortgem Wha’

2002-04-08

2003-11-25

Campell, Bruce R. (Department: 1661)

Plants

Fruit

Plant Patent

active

PP014320

ABSTRACT:

Genus and species of plant claimed:
Actinidia arguta.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Kiwi plants in cultivation are mainly varieties of
A. deliciosa
, particularly ‘Hayward’ although some
A. chinensis
and
A. arguta
varieties are grown.
A. deliciosa
and
A. chinensis
are closely related, whereas
A. arguta
is classified in a separate section of the genus.
A. deliciosa
and
A. chinensis
varieties have large fruit (~100 g) with hair on the skin. The main varieties in New Zealand are ‘Hayward’ (
A deliciosa
) and ‘Hort16A’ (
A. chinensis
) . Fruit are usually cut and eaten with a spoon.
A. arguta
has small fruit (~10 g) with no hair on the skin. The skin is edible so these fruit can be eaten whole, like a grape.
All Actinidia species are dioecious, so female varieties have to be interplanted with male pollinizers to ensure fruit production.
A. arguta
vines are deciduous and tend to grow vigorously in spring and summer when rapidly-growing shoots can intertwine and tangle if not managed. Vines do best in a mild temperate climate without late spring or early autumn frosts. They produce consistent heavy crops when grown in well-drained fertile soils and given regular irrigation in dry spells.
A. arguta
flowers in spring (late October-early December) in New Zealand. Harvest of
A. arguta
fruit may occur between early February and late March in New Zealand depending on the selection and location of plantings. Compared to
A. deliciosa
and
A. chinensis, A. arguta
fruit require more careful handling during harvest and post-harvest procedures.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTON
The present invention is a new and distinctive kiwi plant having a small, generally oblong shaped fruit with green hairless edible skin. This new variety is designated ‘Hortgem Wha’ and is derived from a controlled pollination of AA05
—
01, a female
A. arguta
selection of unknown parentage (unpatented), with AA13
—
01, a male
A. arguta
selection of unknown parentage (unpatented).
The female parent arose from a seed family collected in the district Aomori, North Honshu, Japan and was introduced to New Zealand in 1977. The male parent was introduced as scionwood from The Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh, Scotland to New Zealand in 1982. The provenance of both is unknown.
This new variety was created during the course of a planned plant-breeding program, which was initiated during 1987 at HortResearch in Auckland, New Zealand. The controlled cross was made in November 1987. Seeds were sown in autumn (March) 1988 and 102 seedlings from this cross were planted out in the field at HortResearch Kumeu Research Orchard in spring (October) 1988. The seedlings first fruited in February-March 1991. Twenty promising female seedlings were clonally propagated into a two-site replicated trial in 1995 and ‘Hortgem Wha’ (breeding code K2E5) was selected after storage and sensory evaluation in 1998.
The new variety can be asexually reproduced as cuttings or by grafting or budding on to seedling or cutting-grown rootstocks of
A. arguta
. Trial plantings as cuttings established in 1995 at TePuke and Nelson Research Centres and on seedling rootstocks established in 1998 at these sites have shown that the unique combination of characters come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding asexual propagations.

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