Glass manufacturing – Processes of manufacturing fibers – filaments – or preforms – Process of manufacturing optical fibers – waveguides – or...
Patent
1997-05-23
1999-08-17
Hoffmann, John
Glass manufacturing
Processes of manufacturing fibers, filaments, or preforms
Process of manufacturing optical fibers, waveguides, or...
65394, 65431, 65426, 65386, C03B 3200
Patent
active
059388110
ABSTRACT:
In accordance with the invention glass waveguide devices are provided with enhanced temperature stability by incorporating within appropriate lengths of the waveguides a transparent compensating material having a refractive index variation with temperature that differs substantially from that of the waveguide. The compensating material can be a non-glass material, such as a liquid, driven into the glass by heat and pressure. In a preferred embodiment, D.sub.2 O is incorporated into waveguides for optical communications. The D.sub.2 O is transparent to the preferred communications wavelengths centered at about 1.55 .mu.m and has a dn/dT opposite in polarity to the dn/dT of glass. The resulting structure exhibits enhanced temperature stability with reduced magnitude of dn/dT. The technique is particularly useful in devices based on interference between multiple waveguides, as it is not necessary to reduce dn/dT to zero in the respective waveguides. It suffices to compensate the differences. Such compensation can be achieved by compensating materials having dn/dT of either the same polarity as the dn/dT of the waveguides or the opposite polarity. Preferred embodiments include routers, Fourier filters and Bragg filters. In single waveguide devices such as gratings, compensating materials of opposite polarity can substantially enhance the temperature stability.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4515612 (1985-05-01), Burrus
patent: 4676820 (1987-06-01), Le Sergent
patent: 4900115 (1990-02-01), Heuring
Hoffmann John
Lucent Technologies - Inc.
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