Concentrated spent fermentation beer or saccharopolyspora...

Details Concentrated spent fermentation beer or saccharopolyspora... Concentrated spent fermentation beer or saccharopolyspora...

2001-12-21

2003-09-09

Sayala, Chhaya D. (Department: 1761)

Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products

Treatment of live animal

C426S031000, C426S052000, C426S053000, C426S061000, C426S807000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06616953

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a feed additive composition which contains enzyme-treated, concentrated spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
; a method for making a feed additive containing enzyme-treated, concentrated spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
; a process for improving the nutritive value of the spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
by enzymatic treatment; a method for feeding livestock with a feed containing an enzyme-treated, concentrated spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
feed additive and a process for improving poultry feed conversion, breast meat yield and intestinal strength by feeding a feed containing an enzyme-treated, concentrated spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
feed additive. Preferably, the spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
is treated with a cellulase and at least one glycosidase, and then concentrated.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The world population continues to grow, but land for food production is finite. In order to keep up with the growing food demand, improvements in the utilization of food resources will be needed to maintain the current living standards.
In many areas of the world, diets containing low metabolizable energy content are utilized. Diets in these countries are not supplemented with fat. As a consequence, there is a need to increase the energy efficiency for utilization of low fat diets. In developing or developed countries supplemental concentrated fat is being eliminated from the diet for health reasons. In addition, there are a surprising number of problems associated with the addition of concentrated fat to diet rations to increase the metabolizable energy (ME) content of the feed.
Oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in fat is know to lead to the formation of peroxides and free radicals. This in turn leads to the oxidation of feed nutrients and vitamins. There is also evidence available that indicates that high fat diets can lead to ventricular failure and/or ascites problems in broiler chickens. Some sources of animal feed fat include restaurant waste fat that has been partially hydrogenated to create un-natural fatty acids with trans double bonds that can interfere with fertility, fatty acid metabolism and the energy value of the feed. Another issue is that the presence of free fatty acids in commercial and fats that can have adverse effect on production and may have a anti-microbial effect in the chicken gut. Blended fats are also frequently contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's), pesticide residues, heavy metals, and gossypol from cotton seed oil soapstock. Feed mill managers have to vigilant about all these issues. It is well known that ingested fat (and materials dissolved in it like PCB) can be directly incorporated into the fat of the animal that consumes it and this may present important health risks. In addition, the fat in animal rations can influence the taste of the meat. For example, more than 1% fish oil in chicken diets will cause a distinct fish-type odor in the meat or eggs. The effect of high fat content (especially animal fat) on product taste is another issue that some producers are beginning to pay close attention to. The ability to avoid the use of fat and still obtain the same productivity is therefore of general interest.
There is a continuing need for higher efficiency in food production and the urgency of providing solutions will only increase with time. The use of high energy diets which include several percent of fat to promote efficient animal growth is not always possible or desirable due to the high cost of fat or vegetable oils, or limited amounts of available animal fat in some of the most highly populated parts of the world (for example in China and India). There is a basic inefficiency in using the available fat in feed. For example, in the chemical and soap industries the fat could have more value. Finally, there are a number of health issues and problems associated with the incorporation of exogenous concentrated fats in animal diets. These issues are a further indication that a reduced fat, reduced calorie, animal feed diet that maintains high feeding efficiency is urgently needed.
A need therefore exists for a method to increase the efficiency with which monogastric animals utilize feed rations that contain a low metabolizeable energy content. Likewise, a need exists for a feed diet that can be utilized efficiently by monogastic animals without addition of fat.
One approach to improved efficiency has been to enhance the digestion of feeds by the inclusion of enzymes. Enzymatically aided digestion not only yields more meat per pound of feed, but also reduces the volume of manure and the disposal cost.
Some enzymes have been clearly recognized in the marketplace for their value as additives in animal feeds: xylanse, &bgr;-glucanase, enzymes that cleave phosphorus from phytic acid, hemicellulates (as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,162,473), ferulic acid esterase (as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.6,143,543) and mannanase. In addition to enzyme feed additives, small molecules such as aminocarboxylic acid derivatives as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,166,086 are also useful, and marine mammals treated with proteolytic enzymes have also been disclosed (U.S. Pat. No. 6,153,251). Fermentation products are also known as feed additives, such as a fermented formula feed obtainable from mixing a soybean feed material with wheat as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,090,416; and liquid Saccharopolyspora solubles. However, there is still a need for inexpensive and more efficient additives.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is directed to a feed additive composition comprising: an enzyme-treated, concentrated spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
; said spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
treated with a cellulase and at least one glycosidase prior to concentration. Preferably, the beer is treated with at least a first glycosidase and a second glycosidase, where the first glycosidase may be a pectinolytic enzyme, and the second glycosidase may be an arabinosidase. The cellulase may be &bgr;-glucanase. The pectinolytic enzyme may be polygalactouronase; and the arabinosidase may be &agr;-N-arabinofurinosidase. Preferably, the beer is treated with less than 1 weight percent of each enzyme per total volume of said spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
. The composition may have from about 40 to about 60 percent solids; a pH of from about 4 to about 5, the solids having average particle size of from about 2.5 to about 4 microns.
Preferably the composition has from about 45 to about 50 percent solids; a pH of from about 4.3 to about 4.5, the solids having an average particle size of from about 3.1 to about 3.5 microns.
The invention is also directed to a method for making a feed additive comprising the steps of:
a) treating a spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
with acid at a temperature of from about 80° C. to about 100° C. to form a heat-treated spent fermentation beer;
b) cooling said heat-treated spent fermentation beer to a temperature of from about 40° C. to about 60° C.;
c) treating said spent fermentation beer resulting from step b) with an enzyme mixture for two to twenty hours at a pH of from about 3 to about 6 to form an activated spent fermentation beer;
wherein said enzyme mixture includes a cellulase and at least one glycosidase;
d) concentrating said activated spent fermentation beer to at least 31 percent solids; and then,
e) recovering an enzyme-treated, concentrated spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
feed additive product.
The invention is also directed to a process for improving nutritive value of spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
as a feed additive by enzyme treatment comprising the steps of:
a) treating a spent fermentation beer of
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
with acid at a temperature of from about

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