Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-12-01
2003-07-08
Delcotto, Gregory (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S423000, C510S424000, C510S427000, C510S433000, C510S434000, C510S435000, C510S499000, C510S503000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06589926
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to detergent compositions containing low molecular weight organic diamines. More particularly, the invention is directed to detergent compositions for hand dishwashing which have improved grease removal performance and benefits in sudsing. The detergents of this invention also have improved low temperature stability properties and superior dissolution, as well as improved tough food stain removal, and antibacterial properties.
When formulated into hand dishwashing detergents the diamines are effective as replacements for the low-level use of Ca/Mg ions as surfactancy boosters long known in the dishwashing art. The diamines provide simultaneous benefits in grease cleaning, sudsing, dissolution, hard water cleaning benefits and low temperature stability, without the shortcomings associated with Ca/Mg.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Typical commercial hand dishwashing compositions incorporate divalent ions (Mg, Ca) to ensure adequate grease performance in soft water. However, the presence of divalent ions in formulas containing anionic, nonionic, or additional surfactants (e.g., amine oxide, alkyl ethoxylate, alkanoyl glucose amide, alkyl betaines) leads to slower rates of product mixing with water (and hence poor flash foam), poor rinsing, and poor low temperature stability properties. Moreover, preparation of stable dishwashing detergents containing Ca/Mg is very difficult due to the precipitation issues associated with Ca and Mg as pH increases. The inclusion of Amine oxide and an anionic surfactant in a detergent composition suitable for hand dishwashing is highly desirable as the combination of surfactants not only provide superior cleaning, they also provide improved sudsing of the formula, especially in solutions which contain particulate soil. It is also well known that levels of amine oxide of greater than 2% in combination with anionic surfactant and Ca/Mg detergent composition lead to low temperature stability issues, such as solidification of product below 5° C. Consequently, there remains the need for a detergent composition suitable for hand dishwashing, which is stable at low temperatures, and additionally can provide grease removal and tough food cleaning benefits, in hard water and at pH's, typically pH 9 or lower, where a conventional Ca/Mg system would be unstable and not provide grease removal and tough food cleaning benefits.
BACKGROUND ART
U.S. Pat. No. 4,556,509 and JP 63131124-A 88/06/03.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has now been determined that the use of certain organic diamines, as outlined in detail below, in combination with amine oxides and anionic surfactants in a specific mole ratio leads to improved cleaning of tough food stains and removal of grease/oil when compared to the use of Mg or Ca ions in conventional detergent compositions. Unexpectedly, these organic diamines also improve suds stability in the presence of soils, esp. soils containing fatty acids and proteins.
Further, the strong grease removal performance of the diamines discussed herein allows elimination of Mg/Ca ions from the formulation while maintaining benefits in grease performance. The elimination of Mg/Ca additionally leads to improved benefits in dissolution, rinsing and low temperature product stability.
The detergent compositions according to the first aspect of the present invention comprise:
a) a low molecular weight organic diamine having a pK1 and a pK2, wherein the pK1 and the pK2 of said diamine are both in the range of from about 8.0 to about 11.5;
b) an anionic surfactant;
c) a amine oxide surfactant;
said compositions being substantially free of magnesium and calcium salts; wherein the pH (as measured as 10% aqueous solution) is from about 5.0 to about 12.5 and wherein mole ratio of said anionic surfactant to said amine oxide to said diamine is from about 100:40:1 to about 9:0.5:1.
In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention detergent composition suitable for use in hand dishwashing, said composition comprising:
a) from about 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of a diamine having a molecular weight less than or equal to 400 g/mol;
b) from about 5% to about 50%, by weight, of an anionic surfactant;
c) from about 0.5% to about 10%, by weight, of an amine oxide surfactant;
d) from about 0.001% to about 2%, by weight, of a perfume;
e) from about 0.01% to about 5%, by weight, of a polymeric suds stabilizer selected from the group consisting of:
i) homopolymers of (N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl acrylate esters having the formula:
wherein each R is independently hydrogen, C
1
-C
8
alkyl, and mixtures thereof, R
1
is hydrogen, C
1
-C
6
alkyl, and mixtures thereof, n is from 2 to about 6; and
ii) copolymers of (i) and
wherein R
1
is hydrogen, C1C6 alkyl, and mixtures thereof; provided that the ratio of (ii) to (i) is from about 2 to 1 to about 1 to 2; and wherein said polymeric suds stabilizer has a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 2,000,000 daltons;
said compositions being substantially free of magnesium and calcium salts; wherein the pH (as measured as 10% aqueous solution) is from about 5.0 to about 12.5 and wherein mole ratio of said anionic surfactant to said amine oxide to said diamine is from about 27:8:1 to about 11:3:1.
According to a third aspect of the present invention a detergent composition suitable for use in hand dishwashing, the composition comprising:
a) a low molecular weight organic diamine having a pK1 and a pK2, wherein the pK1 and the pK2 of said diamine are both in the range of from about 8.0 to about 11.5;
b) an anionic surfactant;
said compositions being substantially free of magnesium and calcium salts; wherein the pH (as measured as 10% aqueous solution) is from about 5.0 to about 12.5 and wherein mole ratio of said anionic surfactant to said diamine is greater than 9:1.
All parts, percentages and ratios used herein are expressed as percent weight unless otherwise specified. All documents cited are, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Definitions—The present detergent compositions comprise an “effective amount”or a “grease removal-improving amount” of individual components defined herein. By an “effective amount” of the diamines herein and adjunct ingredients herein is meant an amount which is sufficient to improve, either directionally or significantly at the 90% confidence level, the performance of the cleaning composition against at least some of the target soils and stains. Thus, in a composition whose targets include certain grease stains, the formulator will use sufficient diamine to at least directionally improve cleaning performance against such stains. Importantly, in a fully-formulated detergent the diamine can be used at levels which provide at least a directional improvement in cleaning performance over a wide variety of soils and stains, as will be seen from the examples presented hereinafter.
As noted, the diamines are used herein in detergent compositions in combination with detersive surfactants at levels which are effective for achieving at least a directional improvement in cleaning performance. In the context of a hand dishwashing composition, such “usage levels” can vary depending not only on the type and severity of the soils and stains, but also on the wash water temperature, the volume of wash water and the length of time the dishware is contacted with the wash water.
Since the habits and practices of the users of detergent compositions show considerable variation, the composition will preferably contain at least about 0.1%, more preferably at least about 0.2%, even more preferably, at least about 0.25%, even more preferably still, at least about 0.5% by weight of said composition of diamine. The composition will also preferably contain no more than about 15%, more preferably no more than about 10%, even more preferably, no more than about 6%, even more preferably, no more than about 5%, even more preferably still, no more than about 1.5% by weight of said composition of diamine.
In o
Castro Artemio
Clarke Joanna Margaret
Embleton Garry Kenneth
Kasturi Chandrika
Ofosu-Asante Kofi
Cook C. Brant
Delcotto Gregory
Miller Steve W.
Procter & Gamble Company
Zerby Kim W.
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