Compositions – Preservative agents – Anti-caking – separative or protective coatings or zones
Reexamination Certificate
2000-05-24
2003-03-04
Toomer, Cephia D. (Department: 1714)
Compositions
Preservative agents
Anti-caking, separative or protective coatings or zones
C428S541000, C428S907000, C106S018320
Reexamination Certificate
active
06527981
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to compositions containing an azole and an amine oxide and their use as wood preservative and waterproofing compositions and as fungicides in agricultural products.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Azoles are generally known to be effective as wood preservatives. Azole compounds are registered with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for use in wood protection treatment to buildings, forest products, finished wood products, log houses, wooden aquatic structures, wooden containers, and pressure treated forest products. Azoles are also used in industrial preservation applications and agriculture applications to protect plants, fruits, vegetables, cereal crops and sugar corps from fungal attack.
Azole compounds are lipophilic, due to their organic nature, and have good solubility in organic medium. However, they typically have poor solubility in aqueous solutions. According to “The Pesticide Manual, 11
th
Edition”, C. D. S. Tomlin, editor, published by the British Crop Protection Council, UK (1997), the solubility of propiconazole in water is 100 ppm at 20° C., and that of tebuconazole in water is 36 ppm at 20° C. A number of wood preservation concentrates have recently been developed to circumvent the water solubility problem.
DE 19648888 describes water-thinned wood preservative concentrates containing at least 5% triazole fungicide in an aqueous benzalkonium halide solution, e.g., a 50% aqueous (C
12-14
alkyl)benzyldimethyl ammonium chloride solution.
WO 98/18321 describes a microbicide microemulsion containing a solvating surfactant selected from alkoxylated castor oil, alkoxylated hydrogenated castor oil and an alkyoxylated rosin.
WO 98/00008 describes a liquid pesticidal composition containing azole compounds in an organic solvent and as surfactants (a) a castor oil ethoxylate having 30-50 mole ethoxylate, (b) a branched C
8
-C
18
alcohol ethoxylate having 5-10 mole ethoxylate, and (c) a tristyrene phenol ethoxylate having 8-30 mole ethoxylate or its phosphate or salt.
DE 4441672 describes wood preservative compositions containing a dimethylalkylamine, an aliphatic C
8
-C
20
dicarboxylic acid, propylene glycol and a triazole compound.
There is a continuing need for improved azole wood preservative and waterproofing compositions and azole antifungal compositions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Applicants have discovered that amine oxides enhance the performance of azoles as fungicides and wood preservatives. Also, amine oxides have been found to provide waterproofing properties and enhance the uniform distribution and penetration of azoles into wood substrates. The present invention provides a composition comprising an amine oxide and an azole, such as a 1,2,4-triazole. The composition of the present invention may be incorporated into or be a wood preservative and waterproofing system, or agricultural product.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for preserving and/or waterproofing a wood substrate by applying the composition to the wood substrate.
Yet another embodiment is an article comprising a wood substrate and the composition of the present invention.
The invention also provides a method of controlling fungi comprising applying an effective amount of the composition of the present invention to the fungi or the area on which the fungi grow.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a composition comprising an amine oxide and an azole. Surprisingly, the fungicidal activity of the azole/amine oxide composition is substantially greater than the sum of the fungicidal activities of the amine oxides and azole separately.
The amine oxide also enhances the uniform distribution and penetration of the azole into wood substrates and improves leach resistance. Furthermore, the azole compositions of the present invention have high water solubility and low volatility.
The compositions of the present invention are useful as wood preservatives for protecting wood from staining, discoloring, molding, rotting and losing its mechanical properties. Wood products which can be preserved with the composition include, but are not limited to, timber, lumber, railway tiles, telephone poles, fences, windows and doors, plywood, particle board, oriented-strained board, chipboard, joinery, bridges and wood products which are generally used in houses, building, construction and carpentry.
The compositions are also useful in textile fibers, e.g., cotton and wool natural fibers and polyamide and polyester synthetic fibers; coatings, e.g., oil paints, dispersion paint, lacquers, and finishing stains; and adhesives and other materials which are degradable by fungi. The compositions may also advantageously be applied in the cellulose and paper industry, in particular to protect pulpwood for paper manufacture from fungal attack.
Additionally, the compositions are useful for industrial preservation to protect products from microbiological attack or degradation, which reduces or destroys their economic value. Examples of such products include, but are not limited to, latexes, adhesives, cellulose products, metal working fluids, coatings, and paint compositions.
The compositions of the present invention are effective against a broad range of fungi. Examples of such fungi include, but are not limited to, Ascomycetes (e.g., Venturia, Podosphaera, Erysiphe, Monilinia, Uncinula, Aureobasidium, Sclerophoma); Basidiomycetes (e.g., Hemileia, Rhizoctonia, Puccinia, Coniophora, Serpula, Poria, Uromyces, Gloeophyllum, Lentinus, Coriolus, Irpex); and fungi imperfecti (e.g., Botrytis, Helminthosporium, Rhynchosporium, Fusarium, Septoria, Cercospora, Alternaria, Pyricularia, Penicillium, Geotrichum).
The amine oxide may be a trialiphatic substituted amine oxide, an N-alkylated cyclic amine oxide, a dialkylpiperazine di-N-oxide, an alkyldi(poly(oxyalkylene))amine oxide, a dialkylbenzylamine oxide, a fatty amidopropyldimethyl amine oxide, a diamine oxide; a triamine oxide, or any combination of any of the foregoing. Preferably, the amine oxide includes at least one C
8
-C
18
alkyl moiety.
Preferred trialiphatic substituted amine oxides have the formula R
1
R
2
R
3
N→O, where R
1
is a linear, branched, cyclic or any combination thereof C
8
to C
40
saturated or unsaturated group; and R
2
and R
3
independently are linear, branched, or any combination thereof C
1
to C
40
saturated or unsaturated groups. R
1
, R
2
, and R
3
independently may be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl groups. More preferably, R
1
is a linear, branched, cyclic or any combination thereof C
8
to C
22
saturated or unsaturated group, such as coco, hydrogenated tallow, soya, decyl, hexadecyl, and oleyl; and R
2
and R
3
independently are linear, branched, or any combination thereof C
1
to C
22
saturated or unsaturated groups, such as coco, hydrogenated tallow, soya, decyl, and hexadecyl.
A preferred trialiphatic substituted amine oxide is a dialkylmethylamine oxide having the formula R
1
R
2
CH
3
N→O, where R
1
and R
2
are defined as above. Another preferred trialiphatic substituted amine oxide is an alkyldimethylamine oxide having the formula R
1
(CH
3
)
2
N→O, where R
1
is defined as above. More preferred alkyldimethylamine oxides have the formula R
19
(CH
3
)
2
N→O, where R
19
is a linear or branched C
8
-C
18
alkyl or alkenyl. Preferably, R
19
is a linear or branched C
8
-C
16
alkyl. Alkyldimethylamine oxides are non-toxic and non-mutagenic surfactants. Suitable alkyldimethylamine oxides include, but are not limited to, a C
10
alkyldimethylamine oxide, a C
10
-C
14
alkyldimethylamine oxide, a C
12
-C
16
alkyldimethylamine oxide, a C
16
-C
18
alkyldimethylamine oxide, and any combination of any of the foregoing.
Preferred N-alkylated cyclicamine oxides have the formula R
4
R
5
R
6
N→O where R
4
is defined as R
1
above and R
5
and R
6
are linked to form a cyclic group. The cyclic group typically contains from 4 to 10 carbon atoms and may optionally contain oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, or any combination of any of the f
Tseng Chuen-ing
Walker Leigh E.
Lonza Inc.
Toomer Cephia D.
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