Candle wax stabilized with s-triazines/hals

Details Candle wax stabilized with s-triazines/hals Candle wax stabilized with s-triazines/hals

2001-04-02

2003-05-13

Medley, Margaret (Department: 1714)

Fuel and related compositions

Candle composition

C431S288000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06562083

ABSTRACT:

The instant invention pertains to white, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax which is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of an s-triazine UV absorber plus a classic hindered amine and/or an antioxidant.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Candles have been known for many centuries going back to the eighth century B.C. The nature of candles is described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Volume A5 at pages 29-30 where it is seen that candles are made from paraffin, beeswax and stearin as basic materials, and where a host of additives may also be present.
It is not surprising that with candles and wax becoming increasingly more important attention was paid as to how to stabilize the said materials. At the National Candle Association Meeting in Houston, 1994, R. van der Vennet presented a paper on “Antioxidants in Wax—Replacement of BHT” touting the use of Vitamin E (tocopherol) as an antioxidant to prevent the yellowing of wax when oxidized. WO 94/13736 describes the same invention.
EP 359,488 A3 and EP 133,964 B1 describe stabilized waxes used in cosmetics where the waxes are the same or similar to those used in candles.
EP 5,922 A1 describes lip cosmetics where the waxes are useful in lipsticks and are related to those useful in candles.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,879,694 describes in detail transparent gel candles both in composition and structure. The use of BHT as an antioxidant is mentioned.
At the National Candle Association Technical Meeting on Apr. 16, 1998, F. A. Ballentine et al., presented a paper entitled “Inhibiting Color Fading of Dyed Candles with CYASORB® Light Absorbers” in which the general theories of thermal oxidation and photodegradation are discussed along with data on the effect of light absorbers on color stability of dyed candle waxes. The light absorbers compared are 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone UV-531; 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone UV-9; 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole UV-5365; 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl-2H-benzotriazole UV-5411 and 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-amylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole UV-2337).
U.S. Pat. No. 5,964,905 teaches dyed and scented candle gels containing triblock copolymers and a hydrocarbon oil of high flash point. This reference teaches that a light (UV) absorber may be used to improve the shelf stability of the candle color when exposed to visible or ultraviolet light. Two preferred absorbers are ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate (PARSOL® MCX, Roche) and 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole (CYASORB® 5411, Cytec).
WO 00/22037 teaches the stabilization of solid, shaped and colored wax articles, including candles, using a malonate UV absorber which may optionally contain a hindered amine moiety as part of the malonate compound structure. The wax articles are dyed with a variety of oil soluble dyes and pigments. The samples protected by dimethyl p-methoxybenzylidinemalonate exhibited better resistance to discoloration that did samples stabilized with selected benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers.
Japanese Hei 3-278554 teaches that wax crayons (drawing materials) colored by organic pigments can be stabilized by a hindered amine and/or benzotriazole.
In respect to wax stabilization, the use of selected hindered amines and/or benzotriazole UV absorbers is also known in the prior art as seen in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,530,084; 4,379,721; 4,616,051 and 5,964,905 and copending applications Ser. Nos. 09/495,495, 09/495,496 and 09/741,583.
None of these references teach the superior performance provided when the s-triazine UV absorbers are used in conjunction with a classic piperidine-based hindered amine and/or an antioxidant to stabilize candle wax.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide for a white and unscented; white and scented; dyed and unscented; dyed and scented; dipped and unscented; or dipped and scented candle wax stabilized by a combination of a s-triazine UV absorber and a classic piperidine-based hindered amine and/or an antioxidant.
DETAILED DISCLOSURE
The instant invention pertains to a composition which comprises
(a) candle wax which is white and unscented; white and scented; dyed and unscented; dyed and scented; dipped and unscented; or dipped and scented, and
(b) an effective stabilizing amount of a combination of
(i) an s-triazine UV absorber of formula I, II, III, IV, V or VI
 wherein
X and Y are independently phenyl, naphthyl, or said phenyl or said naphthyl substituted by one to three alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, by halogen, by hydroxy or by alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or by mixtures thereof; or X and Y are independently Z
1
or Z
2
;
R
1
is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, halogen, —SR
3
, —SOR
3
or —SO
2
R
3
; or said alkyl, said cycloalkyl or said phenylalkyl substituted by one to three halogen, —R
4
, —OR
5
, —N(R
5
)
2
, —COR
5
, —COOR
5
, —OCOR
5
, —CN, —NO
2
, —SR
5
, —SOR
5
, —SO
2
R
5
or —P(O)(OR
5
)
2
, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl, piperazinyl or N-methylpiperidinyl groups or combinations thereof; or said alkyl or said cycloalkyl interrupted by one to four phenylene, —O—, —NR
5
—, —CONR
5
—, —COO—, —OCO— or —CO groups or combinations thereof; or said alkyl or said cycloalkyl both substituted and interrupted by combinations of the groups mentioned above;
R
3
is alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms or said aryl substituted by one or two alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
R
4
is aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms or said aryl substituted by one to three halogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or combinations thereof; cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms; phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms or said phenylalkyl substituted on the phenyl ring by one to three halogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or combinations thereof; or straight or branched chain alkenyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms;
R
5
is defined as is R
4
; or R
5
is also hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms; or R
5
is a group for formula
T is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxyl, —OT
1
, alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, said alkyl substituted by one to three hydroxy; benzyl or alkanoyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms;
T
1
is alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, phenylalkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, a radical of a saturated or unsaturated bicyclic or tricyclic hydrocarbon of 7 to 12 carbon atoms or aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms or said aryl substituted by one to three alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
R
2
is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms; or said alkyl or said cycloalkyl substitute by one to four halogen, epoxy, glycidyloxy, furyloxy, —R
4
, —OR
5
, —N(R
5
)
2
, —CON(R
5
)
2
, —COR
5
, —COOR
5
, —OCOR
5
, —OCOC(R
5
)═C(R
5
)
2
, —C(R
5
)═CCOOR
5
, —CN, —NCO, or
 or combinations thereof; or said alkyl or said cycloalkyl interrupted by one to four epoxy, —O—, —NR
5
—, —CONR
5
—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—, —C(R
5
)═C(R
5
)COO—, —OCOC(R
5
)═C(R
5
)—, —C(R
5
)═C(R
5
)—, phenylene or phenylene-G-phenylene in which G is —O—, —S—, —SO
2
—, —CH
2
— or —C(CH
3
)
2
— or combinations thereof, or said alkyl or said cycloalkyl both substituted and interrupted by combinations of the groups mentioned above; or R
2
is —SO
2
R
3
or —COR
6
;
R
6
is straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, straight or branched chain alkenyl of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, phenoxy, alkylamino of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, arylamino of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, —R
7
COOH or —NH—R
8
—NCO;
R
7
is alkylene of 2 to 14 carbon atoms or phenylene;
R
8
is alkylene of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, phenylene, tolylene, diphenylmethane

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