Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-22
2003-04-01
Michl, Paul R. (Department: 1714)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
C524S439000, C524S445000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06541557
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a resin composite material, in particular, a structure of a resin.
2. Description of the Related Arts
Hitherto, an inorganic material such as clay and talc has been added to a resin in order to improve the properties of the resin.
For example, E. P. Giannelis et al. in Chem. Mater. 5, 1994-1996 (1993) disclose the technique for complexing polystyrene and clay.
In addition, JP-A 8-333114 discloses the techniques for introducing a polar group into a polymer to improve the dispersibility of clay.
The present inventors have been exploiting the techniques for distributing clay into a polymer and have completed an invention directed to control of a phase structure of a polymer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is to providee a resin composite material which allows a polymer phase structure to be controlled.
The present invention is a resin composite material, which comprises a particle having the surface area of not less than 50 m
2
/g and at least two or more polymers or a copolymer comprising at least two or more segments,
wherein the polymers or the copolymer from a phase structure laminated on the surface of the particle and having an unit thickness of 1 nm to 1000 nm.
Two or more polymers or a copolymer comprising two or more segments (molecular concatemer) have originally such a tendency that heterogeneous polymers or segments separate and homogenous polymers or segments aggregate, and thus a plurality of phases
501
and
502
are randomly dispersed as shown in FIG.
1
A. When a particle is introduced into such the polymers or the copolymer having the random phase structure
59
, the phase
501
and the phase
502
are successively laminated on the surface of the particle
1
to form a phase structure
5
having the orienting properties as shown in FIG.
1
B.
By introducing a particle into a mixture resin matrix of two or more polymers or a copolymer comprising two or more segments, the present invention allows a phase structure of multiple layers composed of the polymers or the copolymer to be controlled.
Although two kinds of phases
501
and
502
are exemplified in FIG.
1
A and
FIG. 1B
, three or more phases may be used.
In the present invention, two or more polymers have such the tendency that homogenous polymers aggregate and cause a phase separation. A copolymer comprising two or more segments also has such the tendency that homogenous segments aggregate and cause a phase separation between heterogeneous segments.
As used herein, “phase separation” refers to the properties where homogenous polymers or homogenous segments of a copolymer aggregate mutually, and heterogeneous polymers or heterogeneous segments separate.
Two or more polymers or a copolymer causing a phase separation exert the self-organizing ability around a particle to form a phase structure with a particle as a core and having the orienting properties.
This phase structure having the orienting properties is a structure in which homogenous polymers or homogenous segments in a copolymer aggregate mutually to form phases successively laminated around a particle.
When a resin composite material of the present invention comprises a particle
1
and two kinds of polymers
21
and
22
(FIG.
2
A), among polymers, the polymer
21
having the higher affinity with the particle
1
is first arranged on the surface of the particle
1
to form the first phase
51
(FIG.
2
B). Subsequently, the polymer
22
having the lower affinity with the particle
1
is arranged on the surface of the first phase
51
to form the second phase
52
. Subsequently, as necessary, the same polymer
21
as the polymer
21
which formed the first phase
51
is arranged on the surface of the second layer
52
to form the third phase
53
. This is repeated to form a phase structure
5
in which polymers
21
and
22
are laminated on the surface of the particle
1
as shown in FIG.
2
B.
When a resin composite material of the present invention comprises a particle
1
and a copolymer
3
comprising two kinds of segments
31
and
32
(FIG.
3
A), among the segments, the segment
31
having the higher affinity with the particle
1
is arranged on the surface of the particle
1
to form the first phase
51
(FIG.
3
B). Subsequently, other segments
32
arranged adjacent the segments
31
which formed the first phase
51
are mutually arranged to form the second phase
52
.
And, phase structures each corresponding to the kind of a segment of a copolymer are repeated. For example, as shown in
FIG. 3B
, in the case of a copolymer
3
comprising two kinds of segments
31
and
32
, two kinds of phases
501
and
502
are repeated. When a copolymer
3
comprises three kinds of segments
31
,
32
and
33
as shown in
FIG. 4
, three kinds of phases
501
,
502
and
503
are repeated.
A phase structure formed on the surface of a particle comprises only one phase in some cases, or two phases or three phases or more in some cases. How many layers of a phase structure are formed can be controlled by the number of kinds of polymers, the number of kinds of segments of a copolymer, the order of repetition of segments and the like. This can also be controlled by the molding conditions upon molding a resin composite material at the state of the high molecular mobility such as the molten state or the like.
The shape of a particle is mainly a factor which determines the orientation o f a phase structure. Size of a polymer or size of a segment of a copolymer is a main factor which determines an unit thickness of each phase in a phase structure.
Therefore, the phase structure can be controlled by selecting the shape of a particle, size of a polymer or size of a segment of a copolymer, or the like.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4472538 (1984-09-01), Kamigaito
patent: 4582866 (1986-04-01), Shain
patent: 5264404 (1993-11-01), Takahama
patent: 5314683 (1994-05-01), Schlossman
patent: 5552469 (1996-09-01), Beall
patent: 5840796 (1998-11-01), Badesha
patent: 5844032 (1998-12-01), Serrano
patent: 6096803 (2000-08-01), Pinnavaia
patent: 6136908 (2000-10-01), Liao
patent: 6271297 (2001-08-01), Ishida
patent: 196 62 437 (2000-08-01), None
patent: 60-235858 (1985-11-01), None
patent: 8-333114 (1996-12-01), None
patent: 10-279705 (1998-10-01), None
patent: 2000-88822 (2000-03-01), None
patent: 2000-086822 (2000-03-01), None
Richard A. Vaia, et al., “Synthesis and Properties of Two-Dimensional Nanostructures by Direct Intercalation of Polymer Melts in Layered Silicates”, Chem. Mater., vol. 5, No. 12, 1993, pp. 1694-1696.
Hasegawa Naoki
Usuki Arimitsu
Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho
Michl Paul R.
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