Data processing: database and file management or data structures – Database design – Data structure types
Reexamination Certificate
2001-03-14
2003-01-21
Corrielus, Jean M. (Department: 2171)
Data processing: database and file management or data structures
Database design
Data structure types
C707S793000, C707S793000, C707S793000, C709S217000, C709S227000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06510428
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method and a system of database divisional management for use with a parallel database system. More particularly, the invention relates to a database divisional management method and a parallel database system whereby the number of processors or the number of disk units for database processing is optimized under given loads.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Parallel database systems are proposed illustratively by David Dewitt and Jim Gray in “Parallel Database Systems: The Future of High Performance Database Systems” (CACM, Vol. 35, No. 6, 1992, pp. 85-98). Parallel database systems of the kind proposed above involve having a plurality of processors tightly or loosely connected to one another and subjected to database divisional management.
How to configure a conventional parallel database system is at the user's discretion. Once established, the conventional system configuration must remain as it is. With its lack of flexibility, the system configuration may be unsuitable from the start for dealing with envisaged loads or may become incapable of addressing the loads some time after the start of its operative state. In such cases, the desired degree of parallel processing is not available and/or high-speed query processing is not implemented.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a database divisional management method and a parallel database system whereby desired degrees of parallel processing and high-speed query processing are available.
In carrying out the invention and according to a first aspect thereof, there is provided a database divisional management system for use with a parallel database system having a storage medium, storage and management means for storing and managing a database in the storage medium, and a plurality of access means for accessing the database in response to query inputs. This database divisional management system comprises: generation means for generating a procedure for processing the query inputs; division means for dividing the database into a plurality of partitions in accordance with the load pattern provided for executing the generated processing procedure; and determination means for determining the number of access means for simultaneously accessing the partitions of the database.
In a preferred structure according to the invention, the storage and management means determines the physical addresses corresponding to logical addresses at which the plurality of access means access the partitions of the database.
With this structure, the load pattern is determined by the access efficiency of each of the access means and by the amount of information stored in the partitions of the database accessed by the access means.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a database divisional management method for use with a parallel database system comprising an FES node for analyzing and optimizing user queries and generating a processing procedure in response thereto, BES nodes for accessing a database on the basis of the processing procedure generated by the FES node, an IOS node having a storage medium (i.e., disk units) and capable of storing and managing the database in the storage medium, and a network for connecting the FES, BES and IOS nodes. This database divisional management method comprises the steps of: calculating the load pattern by which to perform database processing using the processing procedure; and determining the number of processors assigned to the FES node, the number of processors assigned to the BES nodes, the number of processors assigned to the IOS node, the number of disk units of the IOS node, and the number of partitions of the disk units in accordance with the load pattern for data processing.
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a database divisional management method for use with a parallel database system comprising an FES node for analyzing and optimizing user queries and generating a processing procedure in response thereto, BES nodes having a storage medium (i.e., disk units) in which to store a database and capable of accessing the database on the basis of the processing procedure generated by the FES node, and a network for connecting the FES and BES nodes. This database divisional management method comprises the steps of: calculating the load pattern by which to perform database processing using the processing procedure; and determining the number of processors assigned to the FES node, the number of processors assigned to the BES nodes, the number of disk units of the BES nodes, and the number of partitions of the disk units in accordance with the load pattern for database processing.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a database divisional management method for use with a parallel database system comprising an FES node for analyzing and optimizing user queries and generating a processing procedure in response thereto, BES nodes for accessing a database on the basis of the processing procedure generated by the FES node, an IOS node having a storage medium (i.e., disk units) and capable of storing and managing the database in the storage medium, and a network for connecting the FES, BES and IOS nodes. This database divisional management method comprises the steps of: determining the upper limit number of pages which are accessible in parallel and which require a constant time each when the database is scanned for access thereto; and determining the number of processors assigned to the FES node, the number of processors assigned to the BES nodes, the number of processors assigned to the IOS node, the number of disk units of the IOS node, and the number of partitions of the disk units in accordance with the upper limit number of pages.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a database divisional management method for use with a parallel database system comprising an FES node for analyzing and optimizing user queries and generating a processing procedure in response thereto, BES nodes having a storage medium (i.e., disk units) in which to store and manage a database and capable of accessing the database on the basis of the processing procedure generated by the FES node, and a network for connecting the FES and BES nodes. This database divisional management method comprises the steps of: determining the upper limit number of pages which are accessible in parallel and which require a constant time each when the database is scanned for access thereto; and determining the number of processors assigned to the FES node, the number of processors assigned to the BES nodes, the number of disk units of the BES nodes, and the number of partitions of the disk units in accordance with the upper limit number of pages.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, there is provided a database divisional management method for use with a parallel database system comprising an FES node for analyzing and optimizing user queries and generating a processing procedure in response thereto, BES nodes for accessing a database on the basis of the processing procedure generated by the FES node, an IOS node having a storage medium (i.e., disk units) and capable of storing and managing the database in the storage medium, and a network for connecting the FES, BES and IOS nodes. This database divisional management method comprises the steps of: calculating the expected degree of parallelism p according to the load pattern based on the processing procedure; and determining the number of processors assigned to the FES node, the number of processors assigned to the BES nodes, the number of processors assigned to the IOS node, the number of disk units of the IOS node, and the number of partitions of the disk units in accordance with the expected degree of parallelism p.
According to a seventh aspect of the invention, there is provided a database divisional management method for use with a parallel database system
Masai Kazuo
Torii Shunichi
Tsuchida Masashi
Corrielus Jean M.
Hitachi , Ltd.
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