Dishwashing compositions containing alkylbenzenesulfonate...

Details Dishwashing compositions containing alkylbenzenesulfonate... Dishwashing compositions containing alkylbenzenesulfonate...

2001-07-19

2002-12-24

Ogden, Necholus (Department: 1751)

Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions

Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing

For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...

C510S424000, C510S426000, C510S428000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06498134

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to hand dishwashing compositions containing particular types of alkylarylsulfonate surfactants. More particularly, these alkylarylsulfonates have chemical compositions which differ both from the highly branched nonbiodegradable or “hard” alkylbenzenesulfonates still commercially available in certain countries; and which differ also from the so-called linear alkylbenzenesulfonates which have replaced them in most geographies, including the most recently introduced so-called “high 2-phenyl” types.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Typical commercial hand dishwashing compositions incorporate divalent ions (Mg, Ca) to ensure adequate grease performance in soft water. However, the presence of divalent ions in formulas containing anionic, nonionic, or additional surfactants (e.g., amine oxide, alkyl ethoxylate, LAS, alkanoyl glucose amide, alkyl betaines) leads to slower rates of product mixing with water (and hence poor flash foam), poor rinsing, and poor low temperature stability properties. Moreover, preparation of stable dishwashing detergents containing Ca/Mg is very difficult due to the precipitation issues associated with Ca and Mg as pH increases. Consequently, there remains the need for a detergent composition suitable for hand dishwashing, which is stable at low temperatures, and additionally can provide grease removal and tough food cleaning benefits, in hard water and at pH's, typically pH 9 or lower, where a conventional Ca/Mg system would be unstable and not provide grease removal and tough food cleaning benefits.
BACKGROUND ART
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,026,933; 4,990,718; 4,301,316; 4,301,317; 4,855,527; 4,870,038; 2,477,382; EP 466,558, Jan. 15, 1992; EP 469,940, Feb. 5, 1992; FR 2,697,246, Apr. 29, 1994; SU 793,972, Jan. 7, 1981; U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,564,072; 3,196,174; 3,238,249; 3,355,484; 3,442,964; 3,492,364; 4,959,491; WO 88/07030, Sep. 25, 1990; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,962,256, 5,196,624; 5,196,625; EP 364,012 B, Feb. 15, 1990; U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,312,745; 3,341,614; 3,442,965; 3,674,885; 4,447,664; 4,533,651; 4,587,374; 4,996,386; 5,210,060; 5,510,306; WO 95/17961, Jul. 6, 1995; WO 95/18084; U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,510,306; 5,087,788; 4,301,316; 4,301,317; 4,855,527; 4,870,038; 5,026,933; 5,625,105 and 4,973,788 are useful by way of background to the invention. The manufacture of alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants has recently been reviewed. See Vol 56 in “Surfactant Science” series, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1996, including in particular Chapter 2 entitled “Alkylarylsulfonates: History, Manufacture, Analysis and Environmental Properties”, pages 39-108 which includes 297 literature references. Documents referenced herein are incorporated in their entirety.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has numerous advantages beyond one or more of the aspects identified hereinabove, including but not limited to: superior cold-water solubility, for example for cold water cleaning; superior hardness tolerance; and excellent detergency. Further, the invention is expected to provide improved removal of lipid or greasy soils. The development offers substantial expected improvements in ease of manufacture of relatively high 2-phenyl sulfonate compositions, improvements also in the ease of making and quality of the resulting formulations; and attractive economic advantages.
The present invention is based on an unexpected discovery that there exist, in the middle ground between the old, highly branched, less biodegradable alkylbenzenesulfonates and the new linear types, certain alkylbenzenesulfonates which are both more highly performing than the latter and more biodegradable than the former.
The new alkylbenzenesulfonates are readily accessible by several of the hundreds of known alkylbenzenesulfonate manufacturing processes. For example, the use of certain dealuminized mordenites permits their convenient manufacture.
In accordance with the present invention, a novel hand dishwashing composition is provided. This novel hand dishwashing composition comprises
i) from about 0.01% to about 99.99% by weight of composition of a surfactant mixture, said surfactant mixture comprising:
an alkylarylsulfonate surfactant system comprising at least two alkylarylsulfonate surfactants of the formula:
wherein:
L is an acyclic aliphatic hydrocarbyl of from 6 to 18 carbon atoms in total;
M is a cation or cation mixture and q is the valence thereof;
a and b are numbers selected such that said alkylarylsulfonate surfactant is electroneutral;
R′ is selected from H and C
1
to C
3
alkyl;
R″ is selected from H and C
1
to C
3
alkyl;
R′″ is selected from H and C
1
to C
3
alkyl;
both of R′ and R″ are nonterminally attached to L and at least one of R′ and R″ is C
1
to C
3
alkyl; and
A is aryl;
wherein:
said alkylarylsulfonate surfactant system comprises two or more isomers with respect to positions of attachment of R′, R″ and A to L;
in at least about 60% of said alkylarylsulfonate surfactant system, A is attached to L in the position which is selected from positions alpha- and beta- to either of the two terminal carbon atoms of L; and
wherein further said alkylarylsulfonate surfactant system has at least one of the following properties:
said alkylarylsulfonate surfactant system has a ratio of nonquaternary to quaternary carbon atoms in L of at least about 5:1 by weight, when said quaternary carbon atoms are present; or
percentage biodegradation, as measured by the modified SCAS test, that exceeds tetra propylene benzene sulphonate;
ii) from about 0.0001% to about 99.99% by weight of composition of a conventional hand dishwashing adjunct; and
iii) from about 0.01% to about 7% by weight of composition of a divalent ion selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium and mixtures thereof.
More preferably, percentage biodegradation in absolute terms, is preferably at least about 60%, more preferably at least 70%, still more preferably at least 80% and most preferably at least 90%, as measured by the modified SCAS test (described herein after).
In the hand dishwashing composition, the surfactant system will preferably comprise at least two, preferably at least four, more preferably at least eight, even more preferably at least twelve, even more preferably still at least sixteen and most preferably at least twenty, isomers and/or homologs of alkylarylsulfonate surfactant of formula (I). “Isomers”, which are described herein after in more detail, include especially those compounds having different positions of attachment of the moieties R′ and/or R″ to the L moiety. “Homologs” vary in the number of carbon atoms contained in the sum of L, R′ and R″.
The hand dishwashing composition will preferably contain at least about 0.1%, more preferably at least about 0.5%, even more preferably still, at least about 1% by weight of said composition of the surfactant mixture. The hand dishwashing composition will also preferably contain no more than about 80%, more preferably no more than about 60%, even more preferably, no more than about 40% by weight of said composition of the surfactant mixture.
All percentages, ratios and proportions herein are by weight, unless otherwise specified. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius (° C.) unless otherwise specified. All documents cited are in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel hand dishwashing compositions. The surfactant system comprises at least two alkylarylsulfonate surfactants of the formula:
wherein M is a cation or cation mixture. Preferably, M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, ammonium, substituted ammonium or mixtures thereof, more preferably sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium or mixtures thereof. The valence of said cation, q, is preferably 1 or 2. The numbers a and b are selected such that said mixture is electroneutral; a and b are preferably 1 or 2, and 1, respectively.
A is selected from aryl. Preferably, Ar is benzene, toluene,

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