Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-08-20
2002-06-11
Lipman, Bernard (Department: 1713)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
C525S327600, C525S327700, C525S328800, C525S329900, C525S330100, C525S330500, C525S330600, C525S366000, C525S370000, C525S398000, C525S400000, C525S411000, C525S415000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06403725
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the development of novel polymeric compositions that have utility as new generation dispersant-viscosity modifiers. Overbased compositions have an excess of metal carbonate and, for that reason, are considered basic compositions. Because overbased compositions have this excess basicity, be they overbased amines, overbased acids or overbased dispersants, they can be reacted with compositions possessing acidic functionality.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
U.S. Reissue 26,433 (LeSuer, Aug. 6, 1968) relates to oil soluble metal salts of substituted succinic acid acylated aliphatic polyamines and processes for their preparation. These salts are prepared by a process which comprises reacting, at a temperature within the range of from about 20° C. to about 250° C., (A) about two equivalents of a succinic compound selected from the class consisting of hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acids and hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydrides wherein the hydrocarbon substituent has at least about 50 aliphatic carbon atoms, (B) about one equivalent of a basic metal reactant selected from the class consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, lead, cadmium and zinc oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and lower alcoholates and the combination of an alkali metal hydroxide and inorganic metal salt selected from the class consisting of alkaline earth metal, lead, cadmium, zinc, nickel, and cobalt halides and nitrates, and (C) from one to about five equivalents of an amine selected from the class consisting of alkylene polyamines and hydroxy alkyl-substituted alkylene polyamines. In the usual case from about one to about two equivalents of amine is used.
U.S. Reissue 27,582 (Kahn et al., Feb. 6, 1973) relates to an overbased detergent-dispersant for an oil composition prepared by reacting a metal base, such as barium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide, with an acidic gas such as CO
2
, H
2
S, or SO
2
in the presence of an amide, imide or ester derived from a high-molecular weight monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid of from 40 to 250 carbon atoms and from an organic nitrogen-containing compound having at least one amino group or hydroxy group, including alkylene polyamines, hydroxyalkyl amines and N-hydroxy alkyl morpholinones. Useful compositions are prepared by blending these reactions products into fuels and lubricants.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,189,543 (Criddle, Jun. 15, 1965) is directed to lubricating grease compositions, more particularly to the use of certain agents to improve the yield of calcium base greases whereby the yields of grease compositions are increased by incorporating therein an oil-soluble polyglycol polymer, which grease composition contains a calcium soap of 12-hydroxy stearic acid (or its equivalent), calcium acetate in amount of from 2 mols to 5 mols for each mol of said calcium soap of 12-hydroxy stearic acid, excess base expressed as calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate in amounts sufficient to impart improved consistency to said grease composition, which calcium carbonate is obtained by reacting urea with calcium hydroxide.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,271,310 LeSuer, Sep. 6, 1966) relates to new chemical compositions and to hydrocarbon compositions containing the same. More particularly, the reference relates to a novel class of chemical compositions useful as detergents and rust inhibitors. Still, more particularly, this reference relates to metal salts of hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acids. The hydrocarbon-substituted succinic compounds of the metal salt compositions are readily obtainable from the reaction of maleic anhydride or maleic acid and a high molecular weight olefin or a chlorinated hydrocarbon or other high molecular weight hydrocarbon containing an activating polar substituent, i.e., a substituent which is capable of activating the hydrocarbon molecule with respect to the reaction with maleic anhydride or the acid thereof. Said reaction involves heating equivalent portions of the maleic anhydride and hydrocarbon, for example, at a temperature within the range of from about 100° C. to about 200° C. The resulting product is a hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydride. The succinic anhydride may be hydrolyzed to the corresponding acid by treatment with water or steam. The hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acid is preferred for the purposes of this invention.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,496,105 (LeSuer, Feb. 17, 1970) relates to a process for reacting anions of acidic materials with basic metal-containing organic complexes whereby the anions are incorporated into the metal-containing complex. The anions of an inorganic acid can be reacted with a basic, carbonated Group II metal-containing complex to incorporate the anions into the reaction product. The products are useful as additives for lubricating oils and liquid hydrocarbon fuels as well as being intermediates for subsequent chemical reactions.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,714,042 (Greenough, Jan. 30, 1973) relates to the treatment of basic metal sulfonate complexes, sulfonate-carboxylate complexes and carboxylate complexes with high molecular weight carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof and the products resulting from said treatment. It relates also to the reduction of the foaming tendency of lubricating compositions containing these basic metal complexes.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,171,273 (Waldbillig et al., Oct. 16, 1979) is directed to succinate and succinimide derivatives of copolymers of ethylene and an alpha-olefin that are effective as polyfunctional additives exhibiting shear stable VI improvement, pour depressancy and dispersency when minor amounts thereof are added to lubricating oils, particularly petroleum based automotive lubricating oils. An additive concentrate, containing about 5 to 30 weight percent of these copolymer derivatives in a solvent, facilitates the introduction of the additive into a final lubricating oil blend. These polyfunctional additives may be prepared by reacting an ethylene-alphaolefin copolymer, such as ethylene-propylene copolymer with maleic anhydride in the presence of a free radical initiator. This anhydride is then reacted with a fatty alcohol to prepare the succinate ester. Any unesterified carboxylic acid or anhydride groups are then converted to the succinimide by reaction with a polyamine.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,248,718 (Vaughan, Feb. 3, 1981) relates to an overbased dispersant for lubricating oil compositions having a very low ash content as compared to conventional overbased additives, the overbased dispersant can be prepared by combining in a solvent at a temperature suitable for reaction to occur the components (a) at least one ashless nitrogen-containing compound selected from ammonia, ammonium salts, and organic compounds containing only carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen and having at least one —NH— group, (b) a basically reacting metallic compound, (c) at least one suspending agent for component (b), and (d) a chalcogen compound selected from carbon dioxide, carbon disulfide, carbon oxysulfide, or sulfur dioxide and mixtures thereof. To insure that the composition prepared by this reaction has a relatively low ash content, the ratio of the reactants (a), (b), (c), and (d) must be such that from about ⅓ to about ¾ of the alkalinity value of the final product is derived from the ashless portion of these reactants.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,489,194 (Hayashi, Dec. 18, 1984) is directed to hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylating agents made by reacting, optionally in the presence of chlorine or bromine, (A) one or more alpha-beta olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid reagents containing 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, exclusive of the carboxyl-based groups with (B) one or more high molecular weight olefin polymers of more than 30 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of
(i) interpolymers of C
2-8
mono-1-olefins with C
12
-C
30
mono-olefins,
(ii) mixtures of (a) homopolymers and/or interpolymers of C
2-8
mono-1-olefins with (b) homopolymers and/or interpolymers of C
12
-C
30
mono-olefins, and
(iii) chlorinated or brominated analogs of (i) or (ii).
Huang Nai Z.
Lange Richard M.
Esposito Michael F.
Fischer Joseph P.
Lipman Bernard
Shold David M.
The Lubrizol Corporation
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