Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices – circuits – and – Specific identifiable device – circuit – or system – With specific source of supply or bias voltage
Reexamination Certificate
2001-05-16
2002-07-23
Cunningham, Terry D. (Department: 2816)
Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices, circuits, and
Specific identifiable device, circuit, or system
With specific source of supply or bias voltage
C327S490000, C327S432000, C323S315000, C323S316000, C323S317000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06424204
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a current mirror comprising:
a first terminal for receiving an input current;
a second terminal for supplying an output current;
a common terminal;
a first transistor having a control electrode, and having a main current path arranged between the first terminal and the common terminal;
a second transistor having a control electrode connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and having a main current path arranged between the second terminal and the common terminal.
Such a current mirror is known, for example, from U.S. Pat. No. 4,462,005 and is shown in FIG.
1
. In this well-known basic current mirror the interconnected control electrodes, in this case the bases, of the first transistor T
1
and the second transistor T
2
are connected to the first terminal which forms the current input terminal of the current mirror. The common terminal is connected to a reference terminal, in this case the negative supply terminal which serves as signal ground. As will be explained hereinafter, the bandwidth of this known current mirror strongly depends on the input current due to the presence of an input capacitance C
i
between the first terminal and the common terminal and of base-emitter capacitances C
be
of the first and the second transistor T
1
and T
2
. By adding degeneration resistors in series with the emitters of the first and the second transistor T
1
and T
2
, as shown in
FIG. 2
, the dependence on the input current can be avoided to some extent. However, this comes at the cost of a reduced bandwidth, an increased input impedance and a smaller voltage swing in comparison with to the basic current mirror of FIG.
1
.
It is known to obtain an improvement in bandwidth by adding a gain stage GS as shown in FIG.
3
.
FIG. 4
shows gain stage formed by means of an emitter follower EF between the first terminal and the interconnected control electrodes of the first and the second transistor T
1
and T
2
. This improved current mirror still has a bandwidth which depends on the input current.
Objects and Summary of the Invention
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a current mirror with improved performance. To obtain the above object, according to the present invention, the current mirror of the type defined in the opening paragraph is characterized in that the current mirror further comprises:
a transconductance stage having an input terminal coupled to the first terminal, and having an output terminal coupled to the common terminal;
and a bias source for biassing the control electrode of the first transistor and the control electrode of the second transistor.
The voltage at the first terminal is sensed by the transconductance stage which drives the common terminal. In this way a feedback loop is created which makes the current through the first transistor equal to the input current, thus providing a low input impedance. The first and the second transistor, assuming that they are bipolar transistors are, in common base configuration and provide a large bandwidth. Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4563632 (1986-01-01), Palara et al.
patent: 4574233 (1986-03-01), Taylor
patent: 5629614 (1997-05-01), Choe et al.
patent: 5666046 (1997-09-01), Mietus
patent: 6323723 (2001-11-01), Gul et al.
Frambach Johannes P. A.
Gül Hasan
Cunningham Terry D.
Koninklijke Philips Electronics , N.V.
Nguyen Long
Vodopia John
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