Fluent material handling – with receiver or receiver coacting mea – Fluent charge impelled or fluid current conveyed into receiver
Reexamination Certificate
1999-09-23
2002-04-09
Douglas, Steven O. (Department: 3751)
Fluent material handling, with receiver or receiver coacting mea
Fluent charge impelled or fluid current conveyed into receiver
C141S083000, C222S181100
Reexamination Certificate
active
06367517
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND
1. Field of Invention
The invention relates to an arrangement for dosing granular materials, propellants, explosives, gunpowder and other pourable substances comprising at least a dosing unit with a measuring chamber for the taking up at least one effective volume of such a substance and a container for the substance with a closure, being transferable from a closed position into an open position, as well as an adhesive-joint to join the components of the container, a clamping holder to carry the container and a holding device for the vertical holding of the container attached at the clamping holder.
Furthermore, the invention concerns a preferred use for the adjustment of a desired nominal quantity SM of the substance on the dosing unit, as well as preferred uses of the device for the arrangement for dosing such substances by utilization of gravity.
In as much as in the following it is spoken about charge, thereby is generally meant an amount of such a substance. The term powder is used in the technical sense as a synonym for all pourable substances. The term powder flask is generally to be understood as a storage container for powder. If, furthermore, it is spoken about a user, a person is designated wanting to produce a predetermined amount of a substance.
2. Description of Prior Art
A standard publication with respect to propellants is the book of Dynamite Nobel titled “Wiederladen”, 1995, 7th edition. In particular, the section “Pulver einfüllen” (page 93 following) is concerned with the dimensioning of charges.
Caution is required for while handling granular materials or other pourable substances or explosives. Particularly with propellants such as black powder or that like, a hazard exists, that, after the shot, glowing residuals adhering to the muzzle of the weapon, while leading up the storage container, for example a classical powder flask or a powder horn with a measuring socket attached to it, to the muzzle of the weapon, igniting the powder contained therein and thus brings the content of the powder flask to blast. Such an adjustable measuring socket for a powder flask is known from DE 99220.
Since the powder flask is at this moment close to the upper body and the face, such an incident leads to grave and possibly lethal injuries of the user and persons surrounding him. Therefore, in many countries it is no longer permissible to load a muzzleloader weapon directly from the powder flask. It is only permitted to fill a desired load of an accordingly separated quantity into the muzzle or into the chamber bores of muzzleloader revolvers. Besides, there is a latent hazard that powder gets spilled. It is also to be to consider that on shooting grounds on which also modern weapons are fired whose cartridges are loaded with nitrocellulose powder, serious accidents occurred in the past. While firing, particularly with short-barreled magnum-weapons, unburned nitrocellulose powder is released at shot. This is spread into the room by air circulation on a large scale. Especially on closed shooting ranges the hazard exists that residuals mix with the remains of spilled black powder. This can lead to an imperceptibly critical state. The residuals form an easily inflammable mixture, whereby the easily inflammable black powder acts as an ignition medium of the deflagrating nitrocellulose powder. Furthermore, this deflagration may bring to reaction other propellants or explosives held in containers in the rooms. Accidents of this kind always claimed human life in the past.
A device for filling gun cartridges with powder is known from the DE-16879 dating from the year 1881. The device consists of a supply container filled with powder, which is placed on an L-shaped angle bar at the short leg, whereby the long leg of the angle bar is standing upright connected to a vise. A track is placed at the long leg, being movable and fixable along the long leg of the L-shaped angle bar and arranged movable parallel to the short side. Between the short leg and the track there are two tubes which fit into each other and are movable horizontally between the leg and the track towards a outlet. At the long leg of the L-shaped angle bar, a scale is arranged, by means of which a variable quantum of powder can be determined by vertically shifting the tubes to each other, which then exits in the toward the outlet shifted position via same.
It is disadvantageous that the tubes are in close proximity of the supply container. Particularly black powder weapons are operated with their muzzle close to the supply container. The hazard described before can be avoided only through careful, difficult handling.
From DE-35 25 764, a powder-filling device for muzzleloader weapons became known, which allows the use of historical powder flasks with a measuring socket and a closure, being popular with muzzleloader shooters. The powder-filling device consists of a tube on which a funnel is attached.
The tube is functionally separated from the funnel by a closure. The user is measuring the charge in traditional art by means of a measuring socket attached to the powder flask, and then fill it into the funnel. After activating the closure the charge drops into the barrel of the weapon trough the tube.
Alternatively, the user may screw the measuring socket onto the tube and fill it with the powder flask. Spilled powder is collected in the funnel around the measuring socket. After activating the closure, the charge falls down from the measuring socket through the tube down into the barrel. The known powder-filling device did not meet wide acceptance.
Another method to portion charges consists in filling a powder measure from a powder flask, a storage container, or the like. An excess of powder, formed at the powder measure is stripped shearingly off by means of a funnel element mounted to and swivable across the powder measure. However, this is not permissible in closed shooting-ranges, since the stripped powder falls onto the ground and is only removable by difficulty from gaps. In addition, powder is wasted. With the funnel piece in turned in state, the charge is then filled into the barrel, a closable small loading tube or a cartridge case.
Some users also employ a ladle as is known for example from DE-27 49 831 finding application in pharmaceutics and chemistry for dimensioning small quantities as well as in reloading for filling cartridge cases. However, this has the great disadvantage, particularly when firing with muzzleloaders, that the storage container is often not closed from lack of time after removing the desired quantity. This can lead to a serious explosion of the powder contained in the storage container. This equally applies to laboratories or workshops.
Many users, therefore, utilize charges which are pre-portioned into small closable loading tubes produced in advance before entering the shooting-ranges or laboratories, either in described manner or by means of weighing. Especially performance-oriented users, such as sports shooters, opt for the time-consuming weighing of the charge to obtain adequate accuracy. In both instances, the charge quantity is dimensioned more or less precisely, but determined in its quantity as such. While firing, a problem often occurs with regard to the hit point respectively the reach. This is due to the powder characteristic, especially of black powder, to absorb humidity from the air. Because of the slowed-down ignition front the yield of powder converted into gas drops, resulting in the described loss of performance. Since a change of the charge on site in closed rooms is not possible on account of the conditions described earlier, the users compensate the loss of performance by changing the aiming point according to ‘feel’ more or less successfully.
From the U.S. Pat. No. 3,014,400 a shot cases filling device is known, with that shot contained in a container, which is equipped with a closure may be applied to cases. At opened closure, shot reaches freely rolling over a cone directly into the case. A pre adjustable measuring chamber as such is missing.
From the U.
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