Microfluidic electrochemical reactors

Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Electrolytic

Reexamination Certificate

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C204S600000, C429S006000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07909971

ABSTRACT:
A microfluidic electrochemical reactor includes an electrode and one or more microfluidic channels on the electrode, where the microfluidic channels are covered with a membrane containing a gas permeable polymer. The distance between the electrode and the membrane is less than 500 micrometers. The microfluidic electrochemical reactor can provide for increased reaction rates in electrochemical reactions using a gaseous reactant, as compared to conventional electrochemical cells. Microfluidic electrochemical reactors can be incorporated into devices for applications such as fuel cells, electrochemical analysis, microfluidic actuation, pH gradient formation.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3764248 (1973-10-01), Hall
patent: 4126292 (1978-11-01), Saeki et al.
patent: 5071597 (1991-12-01), D'Amato et al.
patent: 5502144 (1996-03-01), Kuo et al.
patent: 5534609 (1996-07-01), Lewis et al.
patent: 5538674 (1996-07-01), Nisper et al.
patent: 5618903 (1997-04-01), Hoxmeier et al.
patent: 5637668 (1997-06-01), Graiver et al.
patent: 5661092 (1997-08-01), Koberstein et al.
patent: 5670598 (1997-09-01), Leir et al.
patent: 5676983 (1997-10-01), Bacher et al.
patent: 5741859 (1998-04-01), Saxena et al.
patent: 5744541 (1998-04-01), Sawaguchi et al.
patent: 5795519 (1998-08-01), Bacher et al.
patent: 5932649 (1999-08-01), Hergenrother et al.
patent: 5932677 (1999-08-01), Hoover et al.
patent: 6007914 (1999-12-01), Joseph et al.
patent: 6013711 (2000-01-01), Lewis et al.
patent: 6013715 (2000-01-01), Gornawicz et al.
patent: 6033202 (2000-03-01), Bao et al.
patent: 6072011 (2000-06-01), Hoover
patent: 6090902 (2000-07-01), Kuo et al.
patent: 6103837 (2000-08-01), Hiiro et al.
patent: 6124411 (2000-09-01), Matyjaszewski et al.
patent: 6136926 (2000-10-01), Raetzsch et al.
patent: 6153691 (2000-11-01), Gomowicz et al.
patent: 6235863 (2001-05-01), Hoxmeier
patent: 6339131 (2002-01-01), Cella et al.
patent: 6344521 (2002-02-01), Schwindeman et al.
patent: 6362288 (2002-03-01), Brewer et al.
patent: 6363183 (2002-03-01), Koh
patent: 6372532 (2002-04-01), Bao et al.
patent: 6403710 (2002-06-01), Ahmed et al.
patent: 6407193 (2002-06-01), Hiiro et al.
patent: 6663820 (2003-12-01), Arias et al.
patent: 6805809 (2004-10-01), Nuzzo et al.
patent: 6835293 (2004-12-01), Gerlach et al.
patent: 2002/0054862 (2002-05-01), Perron et al.
patent: 2002/0179448 (2002-12-01), Lauks
patent: 2003/0013046 (2003-01-01), Fonash et al.
patent: 2003/0024632 (2003-02-01), Hahn et al.
patent: 2003/0127333 (2003-07-01), Lauks et al.
patent: 2004/0040653 (2004-03-01), Nuzzo et al.
patent: 101 55 349 (2003-05-01), None
patent: WO 01/18857 (2001-03-01), None
patent: WO 03/002247 (2003-01-01), None
patent: WO 2004/021084 (2004-03-01), None
Choban, E.R., et al., “Microfluidic fuel cells that lack a PEM”, 40thConference on Power Sources, pp. 317-320, (2002).
Clark, L.C., “Monitor and control of blood and tissue oxygen tensions”, Trans. Am. Soc. Artificial Internal Organs, vol. 2, pp. 41-57, (1956).
Allcock, H.R., et al., “Contemporary Polymer Chemistry—Second Edition”, published by Prentice-Hall Inc., New Jersey, pp. 146-149, (1990).
Deng, T., et al., “Using patterns in microfiche as photomasks in 10-μm-scale microfabrication”, Langmuir, vol. 15, No. 19, pp. 6575-6581, (1999).
Deng, T., et al., “Prototyping of masks, masters, and stamps/molds for soft lithography using an office printer and photographic reduction”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 72, No. 14, pp. 3176-3180, (2000).
Douki, K., et al., “High-Performance 193-nm positive resist using alternating polymer system of functionalized cyclic olefins / maleic anhydride”, Advances in Resist Technology and Processing XVII, Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 3999, pp. 1128-1133, (2000).
International Search Report for PCT application No. PCT/US03/26751 dated Feb. 13, 2004.
Ouyang, M., et al., “Conversion of some siloxane polymers to silicon oxide by UV/Ozone photochemical processes”, Chem. Mater., vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 1591-1596, (2000).
Stevens, M.P., “Polymer Chemistry: an introduction—Third Edition”, published by Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 276-279, (1999).
Xia, Y., et al., “Soft Lithography”, Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., vol. 28, pp. 153-184, (1998).
Menard, E., et al., “A printable form of silicon for high performance thin film transistors on plastic substrates”, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 84, No. 26, pp. 5398-5400, (2004).
Wallraff, G.M., et al., “Lithographic imaging techniques for the formation of nanoscopic features”, Chemical Reviews, vol. 99, No. 7, pp. 1801-1821, (1999).
Reichmanis, E., et al., “Organic materials challenges for 193 nm imaging”, Accounts of Chemical Research, vol. 32, No. 8, pp. 659-667, (1999).
Houlihan, F.M., et al., “Retrospective of work at Bell Laboratories on the effect of fluorine substitution on the properties of photoacid generators”, Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, vol. 122, pp. 47-55, (2003).
Lee, K., et al., “Photolithographic technique for direct photochemical modification and chemical micropatterning of surfaces”, Langmuir, vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 1812-1818, (2004).
Childs, W.R., et al., “Decal transfer microlithography: A new soft-lithographic patterning method”, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 124, No. 45, pp. 13583-13596, (2002).
Chen, T., et al., “A miniature biofuel cell”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 123, No. 35, pp. 8630-8631, (2001).
Ehrfeld, W., “Electrochemistry and Microsystems”, Electrochimica Acta, vol. 48, pp. 2857-2868, (2003).
International Search Report dated Sep. 26, 2006 for PCT application No. PCT/US2005/007567.
Katz, E., et al., “A biofuel cell with electrochemically switchable and tunable power output”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 125, No. 22, pp. 6803-6813, (2003).
Lawrence, N.S., et al., “A thin-layer amperometric sensor for hydrogen sulfide: The use of microelectrodes to achieve a membrane-independent response for clark-type sensors”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 75, No. 10, pp. 2499-2503, (2003).
Mancy, K.H., et al., “A galvanic cell oxygen analyzer”, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 4, pp. 65-92, (1962).
Mano, N., et al., “A miniature biofuel cell operating in a physiological buffer”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 124, No. 44, pp. 12962-12963, (2002).
Mano, N., et al., “Characteristics of a miniature compartment-less glucose-O2biofuel cell and its operation in a living plant”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 125, No. 21, pp. 6588-6594, (2003).
Martin, M.M., et al., “The pH dependence of fluorescein fluorescence”, Journal of Luminescence, vol. 10, pp. 381-390, (1975).
Palmore, G.T.R., et al., “Electro-enzymatic reduction of dioxygen to water in the cathode compartment of a biofuel cell”, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 464, pp. 110-117, (1999).
Pijanowska, D.G., et al., “A flow-through amperometric sensor for micro-analytical systems”, Sensors and Actuators B, vol. 91, pp. 98-102, (2003).
Xia, Y., et al., “Soft lithography”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., vol. 37, pp. 550-575, (1998).

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Microfluidic electrochemical reactors does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Microfluidic electrochemical reactors, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Microfluidic electrochemical reactors will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2665372

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.