Image analysis – Applications – Personnel identification
Reexamination Certificate
1997-03-07
2001-11-06
Boudreau, Leo (Department: 2621)
Image analysis
Applications
Personnel identification
C382S115000, C382S116000, C382S119000, C382S124000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06314196
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a fingerprint registering method for registering a fingerprint by judging whether or not it has been registered and to a fingerprint checking device.
The present invention relates to a fingerprint registering method with security improved and to a fingerprint checking entrance/exit control system.
The present invention relates to a fingerprint checking method for extracting a fingerprint in the direction of ridge lines in registering and checking the fingerprint.
The present invention relates to a fingerprint checking method for checking a registered fingerprint and an affixed fingerprint to authenticate personal identification.
The present invention relates to a fingerprint checking entrance/exit control system for checking an affixed fingerprint and a registered fingerprint to control the permission or not of entrance.
The present invention relates to a fingerprint checking device for checking a registered fingerprint and an affixed fingerprint.
The present invention relates to a fingerprint registering method for a fingerprint checking device.
2. Prior Art
Fingerprint checking devices which check a registered fingerprint with an affixed fingerprint to authenticate personal identification have been put into practical use. And, the fingerprint checking devices are desired to easily register fingerprints with reliability.
As shown in
FIG. 30
, a conventional way of registering fingerprints judges whether or not fingerprinting for a fingerprint image pickup is for the first time (D
1
), if it is its first time, temporarily registers it (D
2
), if not its first time, judges whether or not it is the second time (D
3
), if it is its second time of fingerprinting, checks the temporarily registered fingerprint with the second affixed fingerprint (D
4
), judges whether or not they match (D
5
), if they match, formally registers (D
6
), and terminates normally. And, if they do not match, it is concluded as registration failure. In this case, registration processing can be repeated on another finger.
After binarizing a fingerprint shown in
FIG. 31
(A), it is thinning-processed as shown in (B), and a registering window in a square frame is enlarged as shown in (C). In (C), N indicates a normal minutia, and P
1
to P
4
indicate pseudo minutiae. For example, a bifurcation point having a bifurcation length of a prescribed length of a ridge line and an ending point having a space of a prescribed length or more are determined as normal minutia, and a bifurcation point and an ending point under other conditions are determined as pseudo minutia.
In the above-described temporary registering and formal registering, registering windows each consisting of, for example, 36×30 picture elements with normal minutia N at almost the center is selected in the number of about 15 for example from a single fingerprint image and registered as shown in
FIG. 31
(C).
Since fingerprints do not change, they are suitable for authenticating personal identification. And, a registered fingerprint and an affixed fingerprint are checked by a fingerprint checking device, and when they match, the pertinent fingerprint is judged as of a registered person. But, the fingerprint image pictured by a fingerprint image pickup unit changes largely depending on chaps, wrinkles, dirt and a fingerprinting pressure of a finger tip. Therefore, checking immediately after the temporary registering mostly results in matching, but there is a disadvantage that a matching rate is lowered sharply with a lapse of time.
FIG.
32
and
FIG. 33
are explanatory diagrams of fingerprint images and thinning-processed images. (A) in the respective drawings shows pictured fingerprint images, and (B) shows images obtained by binarizing and thinning processing, and rectangles indicate registering windows. In
FIG. 32
, the fingerprint image is relatively good, and normal minutiae are easily extracted as shown in (B). But, in
FIG. 33
, the fingerprint has chaps and many pseudo minutiae as shown in (B), so that it is not easy to select registering windows.
The fingerprint shown in
FIG. 33
is formally registered because it has a high possibility of matching when it is checked with a registered fingerprint immediately after the temporary registering. But, the states of chaps and wrinkles change with a lapse of time, and a match rate is sharply lowered accordingly. To avoid it, it is desirable to obtain a fingerprint image with good image quality as shown in
FIG. 32
, but it is hard to judge whether or not the fingerprint image is good at the time of registering a fingerprint excepting when the fingerprint image is heavily deteriorated such that mismatching results. Therefore, even when another finger is used to register a fingerprint in case of mismatching, it is impossible to judge which finger is best.
On the other hand, there is a known fingerprint checking entrance/exit control system which authenticates personal identification by fingerprint checking to allow the entrance or exit. It is demanded to improve the security of fingerprint registration in such a system.
FIG. 34
is an explanatory diagram of a system, in which reference numeral
261
denotes a fingerprint registering device,
262
a fingerprint checking unit consisting of a host computer,
263
a modem,
264
a private branch exchange (PBX),
265
-
1
to
265
-n rooms such as an office, a computer room and a vault,
266
-
1
to
266
-n fingerprint checking gates, and
267
-
1
to
267
-n electric locks.
The electric locks
267
-
1
to
267
-n are for unlocking the doors to the rooms
265
-
1
to
265
-n, and the fingerprint checking gates
266
-
1
to
266
-n are provided to correspond to the rooms
265
-
1
to
265
-n and connected to the fingerprint checking unit through the private branch exchange
264
. And, in a case of a small-scale fingerprint checking entrance/exit control system, the private branch exchange
264
and the modem
263
may be omitted, and the fingerprint checking gates
266
-
1
to
266
-n and the fingerprint checking unit
262
can be connected by an LAN or the like.
The fingerprint checking gates
266
-
1
to
266
-n each have a fingerprinting part, and read the affixed fingerprint to transfer to the fingerprint checking unit
262
. The fingerprint checking unit
262
checks the fingers registered in the fingerprint registering device
261
with the transferred fingerprint, and transfers the checked result to the fingerprint checking gates through the private branch exchange
264
. Otherwise, the fingerprint data registered in the fingerprint registering device
261
is transferred to the fingerprint checking gates
266
-
1
to
266
-n to store in a storage device (not shown), a fingerprint checking unit similar to the fingerprint checking unit
262
is provided at the respective fingerprint checking gates
266
-
1
to
266
-n, and the registered fingerprints can be checked with the affixed fingerprint at the respective fingerprint checking gates
266
-
1
to
266
-n.
And, when the registered fingerprint matches with the affixed fingerprint, the fingerprint checking gate unlocks the electric lock to allow entrance, but when they do not match, the electric lock is not unlocked to prohibit the entrance. And, when the use of a computer is allowed by fingerprint checking, the computer can be used when the registered fingerprint matches with the affixed fingerprint and the electric lock is unlocked.
Therefore, a person who has registered his or her fingerprint can enter a room or use a computer without using an ordinary key when personal identification is authenticated by fingerprint checking. In such a case, by registering a fingerprint and a room as a pair, only specified persons are allowed to enter a specified room. And, it is possible to register a specified person to enter every room.
By registering the fingerprints of persons allowed to enter a room in the fingerprint registering device
261
, only fingerprint registered persons can enter the room. To register a
Ogawa Atsushi
Ooka Yasuo
Taniguchi Kiyohide
Uchida Naoya
Yamaguchi Masahiko
Blackwell Sanders Peper & Martin
Boudreau Leo
Fujitsu Denso Ltd.
Mariam Daniel G.
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