Mining or in situ disintegration of hard material – Hard material disintegrating machines – Floor-working
Reexamination Certificate
1999-12-16
2001-12-04
Bagnell, David (Department: 3673)
Mining or in situ disintegration of hard material
Hard material disintegrating machines
Floor-working
C173S100000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06325459
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Filed of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a mechanical hammer for industrial applications. More specifically, the invention is an improved concrete and/or pavement breaking apparatus adaptable for attachment to skid loaders.
2. Description of the Related Art
A variety of devices have been devised for demolition activity related to cutting and/or pounding pavement or concrete. These devices have also been used for inserting posts of various sorts where human effort alone has been found insufficient for achieving the magnitude of forces required to accomplish particular objectives, particularly, required for removal of concrete or similar material. The difficulty with most of the conventional devices for asphalt, concrete or pavement removal found in the prior art is that such devices are either complex machinery having gears and pulleys as moveable mechanical elements which constantly requires repairs from cyclical or long term use. As with the conventional devices modern, apparatus for breaking apparatus are limited in mobility and use and are permenently fixed to vehicle with added difficulty for transport. An improved concrete breaker which is resistant to cyclical stresses and/or material fatigue and has minimized mechanical parts for quick and easy mechanical connections and transport as herein described is lacking in the prior and currently related demolition devices.
For example, Patents issued to Schumacher (U.S. Pat Nos. 1,250,521 and 1,521,327), Lee (U.S. Pat. No. 5,755,048) and Fujinawa(JP 59908) disclose asphalt and concrete drilling or cutting apparatuses which are operated via complex gear and pulley systems with some automation. The cutting heads disclosed, particularly in the first three aforementioned patents, are mechanically and permanently fixed and resembles the shape of conventional back hoes. The patent issued to Fujinawa, however, discloses a concrete drill robot having a single drill bit disposed within a articulated arm run by a battery powered controller as a position controlled hammer drill. Drill bits have the tendency to fracture and are known for indirectly inflicting injury due to flying debris. These devices subsequently require vacuums or power fans considered unnecessary and superfluous by the concrete breaker as herein described.
U.S. Patents which disclose mechanical hammers of similar conventional construction are those issued to Downie (U.S. Pat. No. 2,029,363), Adams (U.S. Pat. No. 2,529,892), Craig et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 2,688,233) and Miller (U.S. Pat. No. 3,091,159). These systems are pulley based systems which include multiple connection to a control cabin of heavy duty tractors. The hammer heads are mechanically secured via mechanical fasteners and are not shaped an form as a single entity. In most excavating mechinery, various adaptor heads are used in the related industry including those having the ornamental design as shown in the U.S. Design Pat. No. 252,461 issued to Korpi.
More recently, ground breaking apparatuses disclosed by Klochko (U.S. Pat. No. 4,457,645), Osborn (U.S. Pat. No. 5,234,282), Bishop (U.S. Pat. No. 5,662,385) and Spence (GB 2028902) have been devised which approach the concrete breaker as herein described or have semblance thereof, but are significantly different. The patent issued to Bishop discloses a hammer for demolishing sidewalks and the like which has a single solid circular head attached to a plurality of metal support strips of varying lengths and are fastened together at an opposite end via a nut and bolt fastener assembly. The Patent issued to Klochko discloses a similar apparatus which utilizes a plurality of mechanically fastened strips for supporting a single solid cylindrical hammer head for breaking pavement. The arm is manipulated via dual purpose jack lift and truck transportation vehicle.
The patent issued to Osborn appears to have features similar to the concrete breaker as herein described, however, this hammer absorbs impact as a localized concentration at the head of the hammer, which unfortunately results in material fatigue or fracture from cyclical stresses. Another contributing factor to material fatigue is due to the structural shape or configuration of the hammer head. The concrete head according to the instant invention has an asymmetrical construction which uniformly distributes stresses without material fatigue related to localized stress concentrations. Another significant difference is there are no dampers used to minimize mechanical vibrations within the hammer as herein described.
None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singularly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant invention as claimed. Thus, a concrete breaker head solving the aforementioned problems is desired.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The improved concrete breaker head for attachment to skid loaders via releasable latches according to the invention includes a counterbalanced hammer member, an impact support member and an attachment face-plate for attaching a skid loader thereto. The counterbalance hammer member has a tubular support housing with a first and a second end. A counter-weighting metal element is used for stabilizing and balancing the moment of inertia of the hammer about a pivoting axis of rotation. An impact head portion is on the first end of the tubular housing, including the attachment of a tubular supporting arm structure integrally disposed near the second end of the housing in substantially orthogonal arrangement with a side portion of the housing. This particular configuration uniformly distributes localized impact stresses therethrough and extends the life or cyclical use of the hammer over time.
The tubular supporting arm structure is pivotally and integrally attached to the face-plate and the impact support member which allows for raising and lowering the hammer member via free-fall or the force of gravity. Mechanical vibrations are absorbed within the structure of the impact member in part via a first and second combination damping and constraining coil and cable, respectively. The concrete breaker provides a single quick and easy face-plate attachment to a skid loader with minimized mechanical fasteners.
Accordingly, it is a principal object of the invention to provide an improved concrete breaker head for breaking concrete, pavement, and/or to the lesser extent asphalt.
It is another object of the invention to provide an improved concrete breaker head which is impervious to material fatigue related to cyclical stresses.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved concrete breaker head which significantly reduces mechanical vibrations related to localized stress concentrations throughout the structure of the concrete breaker.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved concrete breaker head having reduced material requirements and mechanical fasteners.
It is an object of the invention to provide improved elements and arrangements thereof for the purposes described which is inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes.
These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following specification and drawings.
REFERENCES:
patent: D. 252461 (1979-07-01), Korpi
patent: 1250521 (1917-12-01), Schumacher
patent: 1521327 (1924-12-01), Schumacher
patent: 2029363 (1936-02-01), Downie
patent: 2529892 (1950-11-01), Adams
patent: 2688233 (1954-09-01), Craig et al.
patent: 3091159 (1963-05-01), Miller
patent: 4457645 (1984-07-01), Klochko
patent: 4984639 (1991-01-01), Lindsey et al.
patent: 5234282 (1993-08-01), Osborne
patent: 5393127 (1995-02-01), Kimball, II
patent: 5662385 (1997-09-01), Bishop
patent: 5755048 (1998-05-01), Lee
patent: 2028902 (1980-03-01), None
patent: 5009908 (1993-01-01), None
Jaeger Donald J.
Jaeger Kenneth W.
Bagnell David
Litman Richard C.
Singh Sunil
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