Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Microstrip
Reexamination Certificate
2000-12-06
2001-12-11
Wong, Don (Department: 2821)
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Microstrip
C343S713000, C343S769000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06329950
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(1) Field of the Invention
This invention relates to planar antennas formed by etching patterns in a layer of conducting material formed on a layer of dielectric material. A coaxial cable is used to connect the antenna to a transceiver and is also used to aid in the tuning of the antenna. The antennas are either transmitting or receiving antennas.
(2) Description of the Related Art
U.S. Pat. No. 5,714,961 to Kot et al. describes a directional planar antenna having a number of coaxial ring-slot radiating elements.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,559,539 to Markowitz et al. describes a spiral antenna deformed to receive another antenna.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,363,114 to Shoemaker describes planar serpentine antennas.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,509,209 to Itoh et al. describes an integrated planar antenna-mixer device for microwave reception. A diode quad is connected to the antenna.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,124,714 to Harada describes a planar antenna for automobiles.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,410,891 to Schaubert et al. describes a polarized micro-strip antenna. The polarization can be changed from vertical linear to horizontal linear, left circular, right circular or and desired elliptical sense.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,371,507 to Kuroda et al. describes a planar antenna comprising a ground conductor, a dielectric layer laminated on the ground conductor, and a radiation element laminated on the dielectric layer.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,421 to Sunahara et al. describes a micro-strip antenna having an annular radiation conductor with a central opening.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,038,662 to Turner describes a broadband antenna in the form of a multiple element interlaced dipole array mounted on a thin elongated strip of dielectric material.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,649,350 to Lampe et al. describes a method of mass producing printed circuit antennas.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,424 to Tamura et al. describes an antenna apparatus having flexible antennas made of conductive material on a flexible insulating sheet.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Antennas are an essential part of electronic communication systems that contain wireless links. Low cost, low profile antennas that can operate either as transmitting or receiving antennas and can be used over non-conducting or conducting surfaces are important to a number of communication applications.
It is a principle objective of this invention to provide a planar antenna having first and second antenna elements formed of conducting material on a layer of dielectric material and using a length of coaxial cable as both a transmission aid and a tuning mechanism.
It is another principle objective of this invention to provide a planar antenna having first and second antenna elements formed of conducting material on a layer of dielectric material and surrounded by a background element of conducting material formed on a layer of dielectric material.
It is another principle objective of this invention to provide multiple planar antennas, each antenna having first and second antenna elements formed of conducting material on a layer of dielectric material.
These objectives are achieved by patterning a layer of conducting material formed on a layer of dielectric material in order to form antenna elements. An antenna is formed from two such antenna elements, a first antenna element and a second antenna element, wherein the second antenna element surrounds the first antenna element. A shorting element electrically connects the first antenna element to the second antenna element. An insulating gap insulates the first antenna element from the second antenna element except for the region where the shorting element connects the two antenna elements. A length of coaxial cable having a predetermined fixed length is used to tune the antenna elements relative to each other and to the desired frequency, and to provide additional gain through the radiation of the coaxial cable that is attached directly to the antenna elements.
A coaxial cable having an inner conductor and an outer conductor connects the antenna to a transceiver, wherein the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the first antenna element and the outer conductor of said coaxial cable is connected to the second antenna element. The length of the outer perimeter of the first antenna element is equal to an integer multiple of one quarter of the wavelength of the center resonance frequency of the antenna. The coaxial cable is placed around the perimeter of the second antenna element and exited from the antenna surface at a total coaxial cable length of an integer number of one-half wavelengths of the center frequency of the antenna.
The first antenna element can be rectangular, square, circular, oval, or any similar shape having an outer perimeter length equal to an integer multiple of one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna. Two or more antennas can be formed on the same layer of dielectric material each having the same or a different center frequency.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4038662 (1977-07-01), Turner
patent: 4410891 (1983-10-01), Schaubert et al.
patent: 4509209 (1985-04-01), Itoh et al.
patent: 4559539 (1985-12-01), Markowitz et al.
patent: 4987421 (1991-01-01), Sunahara et al.
patent: 4987424 (1991-01-01), Tamura et al.
patent: 5124714 (1992-06-01), Harada
patent: 5363114 (1994-11-01), Shoemaker
patent: 5371507 (1994-12-01), Kuroda et al.
patent: 5649350 (1997-07-01), Lampe et al.
patent: 5714961 (1998-02-01), Kot et al.
patent: 5995058 (1999-11-01), Legay et al.
patent: 6097345 (2000-08-01), Walton
patent: 6121930 (2000-09-01), Grangeat et al.
Harrell Daniel W
Wallace Pamela R
Ackerman Stephen B.
Clinger James
Integral Technologies, Inc.
Prescott Larry J.
Saile George O.
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