Gel compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl...

Details Gel compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl... Gel compositions containing gellants in the form of alkyl...

1996-12-20

2001-02-20

Kulkosky, Peter F. (Department: 1615)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Preparations characterized by special physical form

Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice

C514S613000, C514S944000, C424S068000, C252S391000, C516SDIG007, C564S192000, C564S193000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06190673

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to gel compositions comprising alkyl amides of tri-basic carboxylic acids and methods of making gel compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Gelling agents and thickeners are generally regarded as substances added during the manufacturing process to achieve a desired consistency or viscosity. Gelling agents are, typically, added as fluidity modifiers or solidifiers for paints and inks, gelling agents for recovering spilt oils, solidifiers for pesticide formulations, anticlumping agents for paintings or adhesive materials, processing aids for macromolecules as well as gelling agents or solidifiers for perfumes or other cosmetic compositions. Traditional gelling agents include metal salts of stearic acid, clays, pectins, carrageenan, alginates, nylon, fumed silicas, organic derivatives of castor oil and ethyoxylated saturated fatty acids. More recent gelling agents include dibenzylsorbitol and derivatives thereof having a substituent or substituents on the aromatic ring, 12-hydroxystearic acid, acylated amino acid amides and cholesterol derivatives.
While the prior art discloses a wide variety of useful gelling agents, there is still a need for additional gelling agents which provide improved gel stability and/or hardness at reduced manufacturing costs. The present inventors have found that gelling agents in the form of alkyl amides of tri-basic carboxylic acids provide such reduced costs while also providing improved gel stability and/or hardness.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide improved gelling agents.
Another object of the present invention is to provide improved gelling agents for formulating stable gel or stick compositions.
These and other objects will become readily apparent from the disclosure which follows.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to gel compositions, comprising:
A.) a gelling agent of the formula:
a) R
1
is nil, hydroxy, hydrogen, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C
1
-C
22
alkyl, C
1
-C
22
alkenyl, C
1
-C
22
alkoxy, C
1
-C
22
alkyl esthers, C
1
-C
22
alkyl ethers, or C
1
-C
22
alkyl substituted aryl;
b) R
2
, R
4
, R
5
and R
6
are independently or together, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C
1
-C
22
alkyl, C
1
-C
22
alkenyl, C
1
-C
22
alkoxy, C
1
-C
22
alkyl esthers, C
1
-C
22
alkyl ethers, or C
1
-C
22
alkyl substituted aryl;
c) R
3
is nil, hydroxy, hydrogen, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C
1
-C
4
alkyl, C
1
-C
4
alkenyl, C
1
-C
4
alkoxy, C
1
-C
4
alkyl esters or C
1
-C
4
alkyl ethers;
d) R
7
and R
8
are independently or together, nil, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C
1
-C
22
alkyl, C
1
-C
22
alkenyl, C
1
-C
22
alkoxy, C
1
-C
22
alkyl esters, C
1
-C
22
alkyl ethers, or C
1
-C
22
alkyl substituted aryl;
e) R
9
is nil or hydrogen;
f) R
10
and R
11
are independently or together, nil, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C
1
-C
6
alkyl, C
1
-C
6
alkenyl, C
1
-C
6
alkoxy, C
1
-C
6
alkyl esthers, C
1
-C
6
alkyl ethers, or C
1
-C
6
substituted aryl;
g) X is nitrogen, aryl or —(CH
2
)—
n
where n is an integer from 1 to 6;
h) Y is nil, acyl or carbonyl;
i) Z is nil, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane, nitrogen or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C
1
-C
22
alkyl, C
1
-C
22
alkenyl, C
1
-C
22
alkoxy, C
1
-C
22
alkyl esters, C
1
-C
22
alkyl ethers, or C
1
-C
22
alkyl substituted aryl; and
j) “a” is a double bond or single bond provided:
(i) when X and Z are not nil and Y is nil, X is directly bonded to Z;
(ii) when Z is nil, a hydrogen or a hydroxy, R
7
and R
8
are nil; and
(iii) when “a” is a double bond, R
3
and R
9
are nil; and
B.) an anhydrous solvent.
The present invention further relates to methods of manufacturing gels.
By “acyl” or “carbonyl” as used herein, means a radical formed by removal of the hydroxy and alkyl portions of a carboxylic acid (i.e.).
By “alkyl” as used herein, means an unsubstituted or substituted saturated hydrocarbon chain radical having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Preferred alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, octyl and hexyl.
By “alkenyl” as used herein, means an unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbon chain radical having from 2 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and having at least one olefinic double bond.
By “aryl” as used herein, means an aromatic carbocyclic ring radical. Preferred aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, cumenyl and naphthyl.
By “alkoxy” as used herein, means an oxygen radical having a hydrocarbon chain substituent, where the hydrocarbon chain is an alkyl or alkenyl (i.e., —O—alkyl or —O—alkenyl). Preferred alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and allyloxy.
By “siloxane” as used herein, means a linear compound consisting of silicon atoms single-bonded to oxygen and so arranged that each silicon atom is linked with two or four oxygen atoms (i.e., —Si(O)
2
RR′ where R and R′, independently, are, but not limited to, alkyls, alkyl esters or alkyl ethers).
By “cyclic chain ” as used herein, means an unsubstituted or substituted, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic, hydrocarbon chain ring radical. The cyclic chains are monocyclic or are fused, bridged or spiro polycyclic ring systems.
As defined above and as used herein, substituent groups may themselves be substituted. Such substitution may be with one or more substituents. Such substituents include (for example) those listed in C. Hansch and L. Leo,
Substituent Constants for Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and Biology
(1979), incorporated by reference herein. Preferred substitients include (for example) alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, oxo, nitro, amino, aminoalkyl (e.g. aminomethyl, etc.), cyano, halo, carboxy, alkoxyaceyl (e.g., carboethoxy, etc.), thiol, aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl (e.g., piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, etc.), imino, thioxo, hydroxyalkyl, aryloxy, arylalkyl, and combinations thereof.
All levels and ratios are by weight of the total composition, unless otheriwse indicated. By the phrase “ambient temperature” as used herein, refers to surrounding conditions under about one atmosphere of pressure, at about 50% relative humidity, and at about 25° C., unless otherwise specified.
The gel compositions of the present invention can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations of the invention described herein, as well as any of the additional or optional ingredients, components, or limitations described herein.


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