Plants – Rose – Climber
Plant Patent
1999-09-23
2001-11-06
Campell, Bruce R. (Department: 1661)
Plants
Rose
Climber
Plant Patent
active
PP012188
ABSTRACT:
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The new variety of the present invention originated during the summer of 1973 and was a product of planned almond×peach hybrid rootstock breeding program carried out at the research and experimental plant nursery and orchards of the Department of Pomology at the University of California, Davis, Yolo Country, Calif. Other almond×peach rootstock varieties that resulted from the work of another associated with the same breeding program include ‘Hansen 2168’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,210), and ‘Hansen 536’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,173).
The female parent (i.e., seed parent) of the new variety of the present invention was the almond variety ‘Sel. 5-33’ (non-patented in the United States) that had been produced by the crossing of the ‘McLish’ variety (non-patented in the United States) and the ‘Reams’ variety (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e., pollen parent) of the new variety of the present invention was the peach ‘Nemaguard’ variety (non-patented in the United States) which is a commercially important rootstock used in California. Such pollen parent is believed to be a hybrid of peach and
Prunus mira
. The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows:
Almond ‘Sel. 5-33’×Peach ‘Nemaguard’.
The cross that resulted in the creation of the new variety was carried out by hand and the resulting progeny were carefully observed and studied. It was found that a single plant of the new variety of the present invention resulted from such controlled plant breeding and such plant has been carefully preserved in view of its highly desirable combination of characteristics. Had this new plant not been discovered and preserved it would have been lost to mankind.
It was found that the new almond×peach clonal rootstock of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:
(a) Forms young branches having a strong reddish-brown overcolor,
(b) Forms well-branched deep roots that provide excellent anchorage,
(c) Readily undergoes propagation by the use of hardwood cuttings,
(d) Exhibits a vigorous and uniform growth habit,
(e) Is well amenable to transplantation and practices commonly used in commerical almond production,
(f) Forms a fruit and stone having a sharp protruding tip,
(g) Is resistant to root-knot nematodes
Meloidegyne incognita acrita
and
Meloidegyne javanica
, and
(h) Is more cold hardy than ‘Hansen 2168’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,210) and ‘Hansen 536’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,173).
The new variety of the present invention exhibits a vigor that is comparable to ‘Hansen 2168’ ‘and Hansen 536’. Such vigor is greater than that of other peach rootstocks, almond, and ‘Marianna 2624’. Resistance to nematodes is substantially the same as that of the parent ‘Nemaguard’ variety which is widely used successfully throughout California for both almond and peach cultivars in nematode affected sites. The new variety readily roots by the use of dormant hardwood cuttings. The ability to undergo propagation by hardwood cuttings is comparable to that of ‘Hansen 536’. The new variety has demonstrated an ability to better resist transplanting failures and storage problems that are sometimes observed with ‘Hansen 536’, and adapts well to practices commonly used in commercial almond production. Also, long term rootstock field tests have shown a greater survival ability than other rootstocks including ‘Hansen 536’ and ‘Hansen 2168’. The new variety exhibits a higher chilling requirement than ‘Hansen 536’ and ‘Hansen 2168’ which makes possible its utilization under a wider range of soil and climate conditions. The flowers are very large and conspicuous and are reddish pink in coloration.
Beginning in 1973 the new variety of the present invention has been reproduced at Davis, Calif. by the use of hardwood cuttings. The new variety also has been reproduced by budding. Such propagation has confirmed that the characteristics of the new cultivar are stable and are reliably transmitted to subsequent generations.
The new variety is particularly well suited for use as an improved rootstock for the growing of almond cultivars. It additionally is believed to be suitable for the growing of peach, plum, and prune cultivars.
It should be understood that the inherently exhibited characteristics of the new variety described herein may vary somewhat when grown under differing climatic and growing conditions.
The new variety of the present invention was assigned Testing No. PA1-82. It subsequently has been named the ‘Nickels’ variety following testing at the Nickels Estate Research Farm at Colusa County, Calif.
Asay Richard N.
Kester Dale E.
Campell Bruce R.
Para A
The Regents of the University of California
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