Brakes – Wheel – Axially movable brake element or housing therefor
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-22
2001-12-25
Obertleitner, Robert J. (Department: 3612)
Brakes
Wheel
Axially movable brake element or housing therefor
C188S071800, C188S072900, C188S00200R, C192S070230, C192S09300C
Reexamination Certificate
active
06332514
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a friction clutch and a friction brake, and particularly to disk-type friction clutch and disk-type friction brake.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Clutches and brakes are critical basic components used in mechanical transmission systems. Clutches function to accomplish the transmission or separation of motions or powers between the driving parts and the driven parts in machines, and friction clutches have the advantage of stable engagement in the case that a relatively large rotating speed difference exists between the driving parts and the driven parts. Friction brakes have the advantage of stable braking in the case that a relatively large rotating speed difference exists between driven parts (rotating parts) and driving parts (stationary parts). Therefore, both friction clutches and friction brakes have found wide use in various fields, particularly in automobile and motorcycle fields. Friction brakes, due to that one of main parts is stationary, are simpler than friction clutches in construction, and therefore people often take the friction clutches and the friction brakes as the same kind of components to study, design and manufacture.
One important type of clutches are external-force operated friction clutches, one of which is a mechanical friction clutch which is generally manually operated for engagement or disengagement of the clutch. For example, normally engaged mechanical clutches commonly used in automobiles are maintained engaged by a spring which press the diving part tightly against the driven part to produce normal pressure, thus causing the production of friction forces between them to transmit motion and power; when there is a need for disengagement of the clutch, the spring is compressed by levers or a hydraulic system controlled by the pedal, thus disengaging the clutch. For a manually operated mechanical clutch, since a man's strength and the operating stroke are limited, there are such disadvantages as small torque transmitted, more labor intensity and larger volume.
The friction brakes used in transport machinery such as automobiles, motorcycles and the like generally fall into two categories: drum-type and disk-type. The drum-type is simple in construction, has the self-boosting ability and a low cost, but it has such disadvantages as; when heated, the braking force will be significantly reduced (by about 55%), the phenomenon being called heat fading; and stained with water, the braking force will almost completely lose, the phenomenon being called water fading, thus seriously influencing the braking performance and endangering the driving safety. Although disk brakes do not have such disadvantages as heat fading and water fading, they do not have the self-boosting ability, so it is necessary to increase the operating force by up to a hundred or a thousand times for their use, it is necessary to install a set of complicated high pressure hydraulic system as a motive force booster when used in cars, and they can not be used in big automobiles. Since there is a need for motive force boosting, it has hardly the braking ability when the engine stops operating. Because of the complicated construction and high precision of their boosting system and hydraulic system, they have a high production cost and low reliability. Even intermediate and low grade cars do not use the disk brakes for all their brakes, and generally the front brakes are disk brakes and the rear brakes are drum brakes.
The disk brakes used in motorcycles are not provided with motive force boosting system due to their light bodies, but all employ the high pressure hydraulic system, therefore they have a complicated construction, a high production cost and a lower reliability than that of drum brakes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention aims to solve the problems associated with above-mentioned friction brakes and clutches, and to provide a clutch and a brake which is compact and simple in structure, can produce large bearing capacity and large braking force with a small operating force and small operating stroke, and can reduce production cost and operates smoothly.
To achieve above object, there is provided a mechanical disk-type brake, the brake comprises a control mechanism for controlling the operation of the brake; a first driving member and a second driving member, the first and second members being able to move relative to each other; a driven member disposed between the first and second driving members and being able to engage frictionally with the driving members; and a supporting member connected with the second driving member, the supporting member being on the side of the first driving member opposite to the driven member, wherein the brake further comprising a lever block disposed between the supporting member and the first driving member, and a voussoir disposed between the supporting member and the lever block; the lever block having three force-bearing portions, the first force-bearing portion abutting against the supporting member, the second force-bearing portion abutting against the first driving member, and the third force-bearing portion abutting against the voussoir when applying the brake, the second force-bearing portion being located between the first force-bearing portion and the third force-bearing portion; the voussoir abutting against the supporting member and being connected to the control mechanism, and being movable under the action of the control mechanism in the direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the relative movement of the first and second driving members; the control mechanism being provided with a return spring for biasing the voussoir to its initial position when releasing the brake; the lever block being able to turn about the second force-bearing point as a lever fulcrum under the action of the voussoir to apply the brake or release the brake, wherein when applying the brake, the application point of the force at the first force-bearing portion and that at the third force-bearing portion of the lever block being situated respectively on the opposite sides of the straight line which passes through the application point of the force at the second force-bearing portion of the lever block and extends along a direction parallel to the direction of the relative movement between the first driving member and the second driving member.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a mechanical disk-type friction clutch, comprising a control mechanism for controlling the operation of the clutch; a first driving member and a second driving member, the first and second members are able to move relative to each other; a driven member disposed between the first and second driving members and being able to engage frictionally with the driving members; and a supporting member connected with the second driving member, the supporting member being on the side of the first driving member opposite to the driven member, wherein the clutch further comprising a lever block disposed between the supporting member and the first driving member, and a voussoir disposed between the supporting member and the lever block; the lever block having three force-bearing portions, the first force-bearing portion abutting against the supporting member, the second force-bearing portion abutting against the first driving member, and the third force-bearing portion abutting against the voussoir when engaging the brake, the second force-bearing portion being located between the first force-bearing portion and the third force-bearing portion; the voussoir abutting against the supporting member and being connected to the control mechanism, and being movable under the action of the control mechanism in the direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the relative movement of the first and second driving members; the control mechanism being provided with a return spring for biasing the voussoir to its initial position when engaging the brake; the lever block being able to tur
King Bradley
Obertleitner Robert J.
Oliff & Berridg,e PLC
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