Antifoam compositions and intermediate anhydrous compositions

Details Antifoam compositions and intermediate anhydrous compositions Antifoam compositions and intermediate anhydrous compositions

1999-05-24

2001-10-09

Metzmaier, Daniel S. (Department: 1712)

Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions

Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing

For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...

C510S218000, C510S219000, C510S235000, C510S238000, C510S470000, C516S134000, C516S204000, C516S076000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06300298

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to antifoaming compositions and to intermediate anhydrous compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Some industrial cleaning operations, such as the cleaning of bottles or cleaning in place, can result in the formation of a significant degree of foam. It is due in particular to the presence of food stains or of sticky residues present on the bottles. For the purpose of decreasing or even preventing the formation of this foam, it is known to add one or more defoaming surfactants to the cleaning composition. These defoaming surfactants are generally of the non-ionic type.
One of the subject-matters of the present invention consists of novel surfactant compositions which are derived from alkylpolyglycosides.
Alkylpolyglycosides are well-known non-ionic surfactants. Their manufacturing process is disclosed, for example, in Patent Application EP-A-0 077 167.
However, to date, it is impossible to use surfactant compositions based on alkylpolyglycosides which are devoid of water or devoid of fatty alcohol. This is because the very high melting temperatures of alkylpolyglycosides do not allow them to be handled in anhydrous form. They are therefore diluted in water or presented as a mixture with one or more fatty alcohols.
Patent Application EP-A-0 489 777 discloses antifoaming compositions comprising alkylpolyglycosides in which the alkyl chain comprises from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
German Patent Application No. DE 38 35 199 discloses alkylpolyglycosides blocked by an arylmethyl or alkyl radical exhibiting antifoaming properties.
However, it is clear to a person skilled in the art that the blocking reaction employed in this publication cannot be applied to the many blocking reagents which decompose in water. In another aspect of the present invention, the Applicant Company has therefore sought to develop a novel blocking process which involves anhydrous intermediates which are devoid of fatty alcohols.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The subject-matter of the invention is therefore the composition (A) comprising:
a) at least one compound of formula (I):
(Z)
y
—(G)
x
—O—R
A
  (I);
b) at least one compound of formula (II):
Z—O—[CH
2
—CH(R
1
)—O]
n
—R
B
  (II);
c) optionally one or more compounds of formula (III):
(G)
x
—O—R
A
  (III), and
d) optionally one or more compounds of formula (IV)
HO—[CH
2
—CH(R
1
)—O]
n
—R
B
  (IV),
such that the ratio by weight of the compound of formula (I) to the compound of formula (II) is between 0.1 and 10,
the ratio by weight: compound of formula (III)/compound of formula (I) is between 0 and 1, and
the ratio by weight: compound of formula (IV)/compound of formula (II) is between 0 and 1, in which formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV):
Z represents:
either a —CH(CH
3
)—O—R
2
group, in which R
2
represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic hydrocarbon-comprising radical comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms,
or a —CH
2
—CH(OH)—R
3
radical, in which R
3
represents a
linear or branched alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
y represents a decimal number of greater than 0 and less than or equal to 3x+1;
x represents a decimal number of between 1 and 5;
n is an integer of between 1 and 30;
R
1
represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical;
G represent the residue of a saccharide;
R
A
and R
B
represent, independently of one another, a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, hydrocarbon-comprising radical comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
When Z represents a —CH(CH
3
)—OR
2
group, it is in particular the 1-methoxyethyl, 1-ethoxyethyl, 1-propoxyethyl, 1-isopropoxyethyl, 1-butoxyethyl, 1-isobutoxyethyl, 1-(pentyloxy)ethyl, 1-(dodecyloxy) ethyl or 1-(octadecyloxy)ethyl radical.
When Z represents a —CH
2
—CH(OH)—R
3
radical, it is in particular the 2-hydroxybutyl radical.
The term “saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, hydrocarbon-comprising radical comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms” denotes in particular, for R
A
and/or R
B
, alkyl radicals or alkenyl radicals.
The term “residue of a saccharide” denotes, for G, a polyvalent radical resulting from the removal from a sugar molecule, on the one hand, of a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group and, on the other, of the anomeric hydroxyl group.
The term “saccharide” denotes in particular glucose or dextrose, fructose, mannose, galactose, altrose, idose, arabinose, xylose, ribose, gulose, lyxose, sucrose, maltose, maltotriose, lactose, cellobiose, dextran, talose, allose, raffinose, levoglucosan, cellulose or starch.
The oligomeric structure (G)
x
can exist in any isomeric form, whether relating to optical isomerism, geometrical isomerism or positional isomerism; it can also represent a mixture of isomers. In the formulae (I) and (III) as defined above, the O—R
A
group is bonded to G via the anomeric carbon, so as to form an acetal functional group.
In the definitions of the formulae (II) and (IV), the —[CH
2
—CH(R
1
)—O]
n
group indicates that it can be either a chain composed solely of ethoxyl groups (R
1
=H) or a chain composed solely of propoxyl groups (R
1
=CH
3
) or a chain composed of both ethoxyl and propoxyl groups. In the latter case, the —CH
2
CH
2
O and —CH
2
—CH(CH
3
)—O fragments are distributed in a block or random manner.
In the formula (I) as defined above, the Z group or groups are bonded to (G)
x
via an oxygen atom of one of its hydroxyl functional groups.
When, in the composition as defined above, there are several compounds of formulae (I), (II), (III) and/or (IV), they are distinguished from one another by the definitions of R
A
and R
B
and, optionally, in the case of products of formula (I), by the values of y.
In a first preferred alternative form of the present invention, G represents the glucose residue, x, which represents the mean degree of polymerization of the saccharide, is between 1.05 and 2.5 and in particular between 1.1 and 2.0, and y is less than or equal to 2.
The composition as defined above in which the ratios by weight: compound of formula (III)/compound of formula (I) and compound [lacuna] (IV)/compound of formula (II) are equal to 0 constitutes a second preferred alternative form of the present invention; in this case, the composition therefore comprises neither compound of formula (III) nor compound of formula (IV).
In a third preferred alternative form of the present invention, n is less than or equal to 15 in the formulae (II) and (IV).
In a fourth preferred alternative form of the present invention, in the formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV), R
A
and R
B
comprise, independently of one another, from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and represent in particular a hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, octadecenyl, octadecadienyl or octadecatrienyl radical, the said radicals being linear or branched.
In a fifth preferred alternative form of the present invention, in the formulae (I) and (II), Z represents a 1-(octadecyloxy)ethyl, 1-isobutoxyethyl or 2-hydroxybutyl group.
A particular subject-matter of the invention is the composition as described above, comprising one or more compounds of formula (I), one or more compounds of formula (II), optionally one or more compounds of formula (III) and optionally one or more compounds of formula (IV), in which composition, in the formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV), the substituents R
A
and R
B
are identical and represent an octyl, nonyl, decyl or 2-ethylhexyl radical.
Another subject-matter of the invention is a process for the preparation of the composition (A) as defined above, characterized in that the sugar of formula (V)
H—G—OH  (V)
is reacted in acidic medium with an excess of at least one alcohol of formula (VI)
HO—R
A
  (VI)
in order to form the mixture (B) comprising at least one compound of formula (III) and the mixture in excess of at least one alcohol of formula (VI), to which mixture (B) is added at least one co

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