Spiro compounds and the use thereof

Details Spiro compounds and the use thereof Spiro compounds and the use thereof

2000-01-03

2001-04-03

Owens, Amelia (Department: 1612)

Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series

Organic compounds

Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...

C546S014000, C546S015000, C546S016000, C546S085000, C549S004000, C549S031000, C549S043000, C136S263000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06211369

ABSTRACT:

Owing to the rising global demand for electric energy and the limited reserves of coal, oil and gas, which in addition liberate the greenhouse gas CO
2
when they are burnt, the generation of electric power from sunlight has attracted increased interest in recent years.
EP-A 0 333 641 describes a photoelectrochemical cell which comprises a nanoporous metal oxide semiconductor, i.e. a semiconductor which has an extremely roughened surface and thus has an increased surface area. The charge transport between semiconductor/chromophore layer and counterelectrode in this cell occurs via an electrolyte solution. Although good results are achieved with such cells, the property profile of such a device is still capable of significant improvement.
EP-A 0 718 858 discloses such a cell having a liquid crystal charge transport material in place of an electrolyte. The apparent quantum yields achieved are, however, still in need of improvement.
It has now surprisingly been found that certain spiro compounds are very suitable as charge transport materials for photovoltaic cells.
Some structurally different spirobifluorene derivatives are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,026,894, J. M. Tour et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112 (1990) 5662 and J. M. Tour et al. Polym. Prepr. (1990) 408 as coupling elements for polymeric, organic semiconductors and are proposed as materials for molecular electronics.
EP-A 0 676 461 describes the use of spiro compounds of the following formula
where
K
1
and K
2
are, independently of one another, conjugated systems, in electroluminescence devices.
Use in photovoltaic cells cannot be deduced therefrom.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION


REFERENCES:
patent: 5084365 (1992-01-01), Gratzel et al.
patent: 5683833 (1997-11-01), Haussling et al.
patent: 5840217 (1998-11-01), Lupo et al.
patent: 5885368 (1999-03-01), Lupo et al.
patent: 0 333 641 A1 (1989-09-01), None
patent: 0 676 461 A2 (1995-10-01), None
patent: 0 718 858 A2 (1996-06-01), None
patent: WO 97/10617 (1997-03-01), None
Abstract No. XP-002073521 (1970).
Abstract No. XP-002073522 (1970).

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