Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Live hair or scalp treating compositions – Polymer containing
Reexamination Certificate
1998-12-02
2001-01-23
Zitomer, Fred (Department: 1713)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Live hair or scalp treating compositions
Polymer containing
C424S059000, C424S070120, C424S070150, C424S070900, C424S078020, C526S263000, C526S264000, C526S307100, C526S307300
Reexamination Certificate
active
06177068
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to controlled-release, cosmetically active topical delivery systems for improved hair and skin anti-pollutant and anti-aging films as well as moisturizing and sunscreening effects by controlled release of cosmetically active components or formulations of said components.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the industry directed to hair and skin treating compositions extensive research has been devoted to improving and extending the effectiveness the active hair and skin components used in topically applied formulations. Gradual and controlled release of active sunblocking, moisturizing and anti-pollutant protective films, lotions, creams and solutions is particularly of interest to the industry. Also, the retention or extended release of fragrances contained in such formulations or in perfumes and colognes is of some interest. Heretofore inexpensive and effective methods have evaded research. Accordingly, the present invention is specifically directed toward viable methods for prolonged release of topically applied cosmetically active ingredients in treatments for hair and skin thereby in creasing the overall desired effectiveness at smaller active concentrations while additionally improving the storage stability of formulations containing such active components. It is also the aim of this invention to reduce the number of separate topical applications required over an extended period to achieve a desired cosmetic effect.
In addition to the above advantages, it is also an object of the invention to provide a pH and salt tolerant thickener for a wide range of existing cosmetically active formulations having a neutral or acidic pH.
These and other objects and features realized by the use of the present invention will become apparent from the following disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with this invention there is provided a cosmetically active, delivery medium in the form of an o/w or w/o emulsion composition for topical application to the hair or skin which contains (a) the liquid polymerization product obtained from reacting the mixture of between about 5 and about 70%, preferably 10-40%, by weight of N-vinyl amide monomer in a hydrophobic solvent, a free radical initiator and between about 0.1 and about 2.5% by weight of a polyfunctional crosslinking agent, (b) water sufficient to form said emulsion, (c) a cosmetically active hair and/or skin treating chemical or chemical composition and optionally (d) a surfactant.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The crosslinked N-vinylamide polymers of this invention are derived from monomers which include linear and branched aliphatic vinylamides containing from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and N-vinyl lactams containing 4 or 6 ring carbon atoms which can be mono- or di-substituted with a C
1
to C
4
alkyl group. Preferred amide polymers of this group are the crosslinked polymers derived from said N-vinyl lactam or mixtures of said lactams, most particularly those derived from N-vinyl pyrrolidone (VP). Specific examples of other suitable monomers include N-vinyl methylpyrrolidone, N-vinyl ethylpyrrolidone, N-vinyl caprolactam (VCPL), N-vinyl methylcaprolactam, N-vinyl formamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinyl butylamide, N-vinyl propyl amide, N-vinyl isopropylamide, N-vinyl 3-ethyl hexylamide and the like.
The crosslinked polymers herein defined can be prepared by the anhydrous precipitation polymerization of N-vinylamide monomer with a cosmetically acceptable, hydrophobic solvent in the presence of between about 0.1 and about 2.5 wt. % based on monomer of an innocuous crosslinking agent. Throughout the polymerization/crosslinking reactions, the monomer solvent, preferably an oil, also acts as a medium to maintain the crosslinked polymer product in a stirrable liquid state. The reaction product is generally recovered as a slurry; however, if desired, the reaction product may be filtered to provide the crosslinked polymer as a powder swollen with oil. Thereafter, the resulting polymer slurry or powder swollen with oil is homogenized with water to form a uniform liquid emulsion or gel which is directly useful as a thickening agent or as a carrier for an active hair and/or skin treating chemical or a preformed formulation containing the cosmetic chemical along with minor amounts of conventional cosmetic excipients, such as for example, a coloring or fragrance additive, a separate solvent, a surfactant, a foaming agent and the like.
Generally between about 5 and about 70%, preferably 10-40%, by weight, of amide monomer reactant is used in the process, and about 30-95 wt. % of the oil is included to maintain solubilization of the system. The cosmetically active components of this invention include known hair and skin conditioners, emolliating and moisturizing agents such as hydroxy-substituted C
8
to C
50
unsaturated fatty acids and esters thereof, C
1
to C
24
esters of C
8
to C
30
saturated fatty acids such as isopropyl myristate, cetyl palmitate and octyldodecylmyristate (Wickenol 142), beeswax, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols such as behenyl alcohol and cetyl alcohol, hydrocarbons such as mineral oils, petrolatum, squalane, fatty sorbitan esters, lanolin and lanolin derivatives such as lanolin alcohol ethoxylated, hydroxylated and acetylated lanolins, cholesterol and derivatives thereof, animal and vegetable triglycerides such as almond oil, peanut oil, wheat germ oil, linseed oil, jojoba oil, oil of apricot or peach pits, walnuts, palm nuts, pistachio nuts, sesame seeds, rapeseed, cade oil, corn oil, poppyseed oil, castor oil, soybean oil, avacado oil, grapeseed oil and sunflower seed oil and C
1
to C
24
esters of dimer and trimer acids such as diisopropyl dimerate, diisostearylmalate, diisostearyldimerate and triisostearyltrimerate. Also suitable are moisturizing agents such as decyl oleate, diisopropyl adipate, octyl palmitate glycerin or their formulations in suitable non-irritating solvents; anti-aging film forming agents, e.g. those containing liposomes; chemically active sunscreens, such as octyl dimethoxycinnamate and octyl dimethyl p-amino benzoic acid; depigmentation agents, e.g. hydroquinones; hair cleansing or relaxing agents; hair dyes and lighteners; makeup removers, e.g. chloroacetamide; depellicating agents and anti-wrinkle, anti-aging agents such as &agr;-hydroxy carboxylic acids, particularly lactic acid, glycolic acid, &agr;-hydroxy propionic acid, &agr;-hydroxybutyric acid, as well as acid containing polymers such as poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) and poly(methyl vinyl ether/acrylic acid) copolymers. Mixtures of the above active components can also be employed as the active component in the present compositions.
The amount of active component incorporated in the emulsion product can vary widely depending upon the active species selected, the desired affect, the solubility in the emulsified polymer carrier and irritability to the skin. Of the active components described above, the &agr;-hydroxy carboxylic acids are most preferred.
To form the cosmetically active emulsion product of this invention, the total amount of the active component can be introduced during the homogenizing step with water. Alternatively, it can be introduced with vigorous agitation after the emulsion has been formed.
Suitable hydrophobic solvents employed in this invention are silicone oils or fluids selected from non-volatile silicones, such as polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes and polyether siloxane copolymers; however, volatile silicones such as cyclomethicones are also suitable. The non-volatile polyalkylsiloxanes include, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes (Dimethicone) with viscosities ranging from about 5 to about 600,000 centistokes (cS) at 25° C. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as the VISCASIL series and from Dow Corning as the Dow Corning 200 products. Their viscosity can be measured by the glass capillary viscometer procedure set forth in Dow Corning Corp
Chuang Jui-Chang
Plochocka Krystyna
Shih Jenn S.
Davis William J.
ISP Investments Inc.
Katz Walter
Maue Marilyn J.
Zitomer Fred
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