Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – With means for re-entry of working fluid to blade set – Cross flow runner
Reexamination Certificate
1998-09-02
2001-07-17
Ryznic, John E. (Department: 3745)
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
With means for re-entry of working fluid to blade set
Cross flow runner
C415S053100, C415S224000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06261051
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The literature is replete with designs relative to cross flow and tangential fans. Pertinent references are:
U.S. Pat. No. 1,548,341 to Elemer Banki teaches a water turbine with backward facing blades and a flap to control flow.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,838,169 and U.S. Pat. No. 1,823,579 to E. L. Anderson teach a heating and ventilation unit where the blower is offset within the duct.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,920,952 to E. L. Anderson teaches a line-flow fan in which there is a guide from the duct wall which is directed to a point of neutral pressure on the periphery of the fan.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,700 to A. R. Howell teaches a turbo compressor with multiple concentric sets of blades for use in aircraft.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,082,976 to Peter Dornier teaches a combination aerodynamic and ground effect flight craft including a fan for taking air from above the \wings and ejecting it below the wings.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,914,243 and RE 25,365 to Bruno Eck teach the use of a fan which is neither radial or axial flow but which utilizes guide vanes within the fan to reduce fan noise output.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,161,348 to Nikalous Laing teaches a cross flow fan where the air flow is across the center and complex ducting is used to control the air flow.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,460,647 to Nikalous Laing teaches a hovercraft in the form of an automobile. Cross flow, i.e., tangential blowers positioned on each side of the automobile provide the desired lift.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,481,530 to A. G. Korovkin teaches a diametral fan duct work with internal vanes to control air flow.
From the plethora of references available, it is obvious that blade, fan, and duct design selections vary with the design objectives. Thus, the references relate to many subjects, e.g., reducing exhaust noise, shifting exhaust noise to a desired frequency band and reducing the energy required to drive the fan.
Basically, it appears that there is data available relative to designing combinations of fans and ducting for items ranging from cooling microelectronic devices and air conditioners to powering hovercraft and aircraft. As a result, the teachings of some references are appropriate for their designated purposes while the same teachings will be of little relevance for other purposes.
The tangential fan/duct combination of this invention provides a high volume/high velocity exhaust gas which is substantially proportional to the much lower fan rpm, i.e., at ratios of exhaust gas velocity to blade tip speed of 2.5:1. Its uses range from tennis and baseball pitching machines to craft, which can combine hover and aerodynamic flight operations. This capability, for example, enables the pilot of the craft to follow the procedures utilized with aerodynamic flight aircraft while flying, i.e., for aerodynamic flight take off, the engine operation is at maximum power (rpm) while landing at reduced power (rpm).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The modified cross flow fan/duct combination has an intake duct, which spans 160°-180° of the circumference and anterior face of the fan. Speaking in terms of
FIG. 9
, the upper surface of the intake duct is curved downwardly to the point of closest approach to the fan, (point A) at a location just anterior to the position where there is a substantial drop in power demand at a given rpm combined with at substantial increase in exhaust gas velocity. The point of closest approach to contact with the fan of the lower surface of the intake duct (point B) is located just anterior to the place at which there is a substantial increase in the substantially uniform relatively lower velocity external to the 40-blade fan because of backflow from within the fan.
The exhaust duct width spans 100°-120° of the fan circumference at the rear, lower section of the fan. The lower point of closest approach by the bottom of the exhaust duct to the fan is at a point where the exhaust gas flow through the impeller blade and into the exhaust duct (point C) is substantially linear with little or no backflow into the intake duct, i.e., at point B. Point C and point D can be the same. The point of closest approach of the upper surface of the exhaust duct is located at a point just below that point on the fan (point D) where there is a substantial reduction in exhaust gas velocity.
A 9″ fan is used as a basis for describing the invention and the Figures and will have 40-45 curved blades which are on the order of one inch wide. The blades are angled so that their inner ends are farther apart than their outer ends and are preferably positioned 8° apart to 10° apart around the circumference of the fan. The impeller blades are separated by about 8° apart with 45 blades, 9° apart with 40 blades, 10° apart with 36 blades, etc. The positional angle of the blade will vary from 29° to 34° and preferably 30° to 32° from the vertical (See FIG.
4
). This fan/duct combination can be scaled upwards and downwards with minor changes and with the addition of impeller blades to maintain a predetermined distance between such blades in larger fans. Modifications in the upper intake duct surface are made to increase fan efficiency as intake gas pressures increases above atmospheric pressure.
REFERENCES:
patent: 507445 (1893-10-01), Mortier
patent: 1548341 (1925-08-01), Banki
patent: 1838169 (1931-12-01), Anderson
patent: 1920952 (1933-08-01), Anderson
patent: 2324011 (1943-07-01), Miller
patent: 2914243 (1959-11-01), Eck
patent: 2942773 (1960-06-01), Eck
patent: 3033441 (1962-05-01), Coester
patent: 3116011 (1963-12-01), Laing
patent: 3161348 (1964-12-01), Laing
patent: 3165258 (1965-01-01), Wentling et al.
patent: 3288355 (1966-11-01), Laing
patent: 3295750 (1967-01-01), Laing
patent: 3325089 (1967-06-01), Vogler
patent: 3481530 (1969-12-01), Korovkin
patent: 3536416 (1970-10-01), Glucksman
patent: 3816023 (1974-06-01), Shaver
patent: 3833006 (1974-09-01), Temple
patent: 4165950 (1979-08-01), Masai et al.
patent: 4579506 (1986-04-01), Ossberger et al.
patent: 4705453 (1987-11-01), Hopfensperger
patent: 4836743 (1989-06-01), Gue ou et al.
patent: 5449271 (1995-09-01), Bushnell et al.
Herring Joseph C.
Ryznic John E.
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