Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Peptide containing doai
Patent
1987-11-25
1989-09-05
Stone, Jacqueline M.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Peptide containing doai
514 2, 514 21, 514561, 514 23, 514547, 424600, A61K 3702
Patent
active
048639010
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a method and composition for accreting protein in an animal under hypocaloric conditions. The method comprises administering a hypocaloric dietary component to the animal being treated in conjunction with growth hormone. The composition comprises growth hormone and a hypocaloric dietary component. The practice of this invention effects protein buildup in the treated animal where the animal, by design or necessity, is being maintained on a diet comprising from 10 to 95 percent of the resting metabolic requirement (RMR).
BACKGROUND ART
Pituitary growth hormone (GH) is an anabolic protein which promotes growth of tissue and is involved in the regulation of other phases of protein metabolism as well as fat, carbohydrate, and mineral metabolism. Growth hormones from various species differ in their antigenicities, in the range of animals in which they can produce biological responses, in their isoelectric points, N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid residues and amino acid composition. Their molecular weights range from 21,500 for human growth hormone (HGH), to 47,400 for bovine growth hormone. Any growth hormone appears to demonstrate a degree of species-specificity. It is known, however, the humans respond to growth hormone of human or monkey origin.
Growth hormone has been isolated from bovine anterior pituitary, Li, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 159, 353 (1945); Wilhelmi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 176 735 (1948); Li, U.S. Pat. No. 3,118,815 (1964). Human growth hormone has been isolated from human pituitary, Lewis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 2,974,088 (1961); Reisfeld, et al., Endocrinology 71, 559 (1962). Until very recently, isolation of HGH from human cadaver pituitary was the only source for the protein. Accordingly, lack of available material was a primary deterrent for the continuing investigation and definition of therapeutic roles for HGH.
Recently, however, a practical method for synthesizing biologically active growth hormone via recombinant DNA technology has been developed, The Medical Letter, vol. 27, 101-102 (1985). Further, recombinant HGH has now been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in humans. See, for example, Genetic Engineering News, Vol. 5, No. 10, pp 1,8 (1985).
Growth hormone plays a prominent role in protein metabolism and the regulation of growth. This is accomplished by accelerating the rate of transfer of amino acids from the extracellular to the intracellular compartment and incorporating the transferred amino acids into cell proteins. Evidence that growth hormone stimulates the synthesis of messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA in liver has led to the hypothesis that growth hormone promotes protein synthesis via gene activation. See PHYSIOLOGY, Third Edition, Edited by Selkurt, Little, Brown and Company, page 730 (1971). The overall effect of growth hormone on protein metabolism is evident in the well-documented increase in linear growth resulting from the administration of growth hormone to GH-deficient dwarves, It has been shown that this increase in body cell mass (as reflected by total body potassium) is at the expense of adipose tissue. Collipp, T. J. et al., Metabolism 2214, 589-595 (1973).
Similar changes in burn patients treated with growth hormone have been demonstrated as well. Soroff, H. S. et al., Ann. Surg. 166, 739-752 (1967). Metabolic studies on normal subjects have consistently shown overall retention of nitrogen and potassium as well as other cellular constituents upon administration of growth hormone. Beck, J. C. et al., Metabolism 8, 699-737 (1960); Bergenstall, D. M., et al., J. Clin. Endo. and Metab., 20-11, 1427-1436 (1960); and MRC Panel, Lancet, 1, 7-12 (1959). The action of growth hormone in stressed states has been studied extensively in burned patients. Prudden et al. administered bovine growth hormone to four burned patients and demonstrated an anabolic effect dependent on food intake; growth hormone only improved nitrogen balance at high levels of nitrogen intake. Below a certain level of nitr
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Brigham & Women's Hospital
Stone Jacqueline M.
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