Liquid heaters and vaporizers – Miscellaneous
Patent
1986-09-22
1987-11-24
Favors, Edward G.
Liquid heaters and vaporizers
Miscellaneous
110216, 110245, F22B 100
Patent
active
047080922
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed boiler having a vertical combustion chamber and a convection part which at least partly are formed by tube walls, and a horizontal cyclone separator, the gas inlet channel of which is connected to the upper part of the combustion chamber and a return channel for solids to the lower part of the combustion chamber.
The object of the invention is to accomplish a constructionally simple and compact circulating fluidized bed boiler in which solids can effectively be separated from the flue gases and returned to the combustion chamber of the boiler.
The circulating fluidized bed technique has long been applied e.g. in calcinators and is nowadays applied to a growing extent in various reactors, such as boilers and gasifiers. In known applications, the separation of solids from flue gases takes place in an ordinary, in its lower part funnel-shaped cyclone separator, in the cylindrical turbulence chamber of which is disposed a gas outlet pipe that leads the gases upwards, and from which solids are returned to the reactor via a discharge pipe.
As an example can be mentioned a circulating fluidized bed boiler known from the Swedish publication No. 8203268-1 in which the back wall of the combustion chamber has been bended towards the front wall to form the ceiling of the combustion chamber. Directly under the ceiling is located a discharge opening for flue gases which is connected to the cyclone separator. The gas outlet opening of the cyclone separator is connected to a channel on top of the ceiling which channel has a connection to the vertical convection part, one wall of which is formed by the back wall of the combustion chamber. Because the cyclone separator is separated from the boiler and located on different side of the boiler than the convection part, the gas channel system becomes complicated and requires several expansion joints. In the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the invention the horizontal cyclone separator has been located on top of the boiler and connected to it in a way that avoids the above mentioned problems.
The solution according to the invention is mainly characterized in that two opposite tube walls of the combustion chamber have been used to form the cyclone separator.
Because the separator has been integrated with the construction of the circulating fluidized bed boiler a both space and material saving construction is accomplished.
The invention will be described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of one embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 2 shows a section along the line A--A in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 shows a section along the line B--B in FIG. 1,
FIG. 4 shows a vertical section of another embodiment of the invention and
FIG. 5 a section along the line C--C in FIG. 4.
The steam boiler shown in the FIGS. 1-3 comprises a combustion chamber 5 defined by four walls 1-4 formed by tubes that have been welded together in a way known per se. The tubes form heat transfer surfaces of the boiler and they have been connected to the boiler circulation system in a way that has not been described in detail.
A fuel inlet channel 6 is located in the lower part of the combustion chamber. There are also inlet channels 7 and 8 for primary gas and secondary gas respectively.
A horizontal cyclone separator 9 is disposed on top of the combustion chamber. Beside the combustion chamber is situated a vertical convection part 10 which is defined by tube walls 11-14 and in which heat transfer surfaces 15 additionally have been disposed.
Front and back walls 1, 3 of the combustion chamber and of wall 11 of the convection part parallel with the back wall 3 of the combustion chamber have been used to form the cyclone separator. The front wall 1 of the combustion chamber and the wall 11 of the convection part have been bended towards each other and connected with each other to form a cylindrical upper part 16 of the separator. The back wall 3 of the combustion chamber has been ben
REFERENCES:
patent: 4165717 (1979-08-01), Reh et al.
A. Ahlstrom Corporation
Favors Edward G.
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