Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Treatment by living organism
Patent
1995-02-23
1997-04-08
Wyse, Thomas G.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Treatment by living organism
210763, 210807, 95 36, 423DIG16, B01J 228, C02F 128, C02F 308
Patent
active
056184301
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to a process for performing chemical and/or physical and/or biological reactions, in which the reactants are brought into operative connection with the reaction particles promoting the reaction or making it possible.
In process engineering, in many cases, chemical, physical or biological reactions are performed in the presence of reaction particles, which either have a catalytic effect, i.e., promote a certain reaction between the reactants, or themselves act as reactants, i.e., themselves go into a reaction with another reactant. Thus, carrier particles are used, for example, in waste-water engineering as growth surface for microorganisms. The carrier particles overgrown with biomass act as biocatalysts and promote the degradation of materials contained in waste water. It is also known to dope the carrier particles with activated carbon, so that the carrier particles react physically based on the adsorptive effect of the activated carbon itself with the materials contained in the waste water. The use of catalyst materials or carrier particles for biomass is also known from the physicochemical or biological waste-gas treatment. Also, in fermentation processes in biotechnology, carrier particles are also used as growth surfaces for biomass.
In standard fluidized-bed or suspended-bed reactors for waste-water or waste-gas treatment, above all sand, gravel, expanded clay, plastic granules or foam cubes are used as carrier particles. These carrier particles all exhibit a spatial structure and thus cause a certain dead volume in the reactor. In the porous carriers, moreover, materials transport problems may occur, so that only the outer carrier surface is intended as growth surface for the biomass by many experts and engineers. Furthermore, the known reaction particles exhibit only a small specific surface. The specific weight of the particles is often too great (e.g., in the case of sand) or too small (e.g., in the case of styropor foam). The mechanical and/or chemical durability, moveover, often leaves something to be desired. High material costs often do not allow an economical use of the carrier particles. Some materials are, moreover, not allowed, e.g., for drinking water treatment, for physiological reasons.
The object of this invention is therefore to make available an economical process for performing chemical and/or physical and/or biological reactions.
This object is achieved according to the invention in that as reaction particles, essentially planar particles with a thickness of about 5 .mu.m to about 1500 .mu.m and an area of about 5 (mm).sup.2 to about 1000 (mm).sup.2 are used.
In accordance with a process aspect, the invention provides a process for treating drinking water or waste water and/or waste gas, in which the drinking water or waste water and/or waste gas is brought into contact with reaction particles that promote the treatment or make it possible, characterized in that as reaction particles, essentially planar particles with a thickness of about 5 .mu.m to about 1500 .mu.m and an area of about 5 (mm).sup.2 to about 1000 (mm).sup.2 are used, which are brought into suspension and/or set in motion in a reactor.
Preferably reaction particles with a thickness of about 15 .mu.m to about 500 .mu.m, especially preferably of about 25 .mu.m to about 150 .mu.m, are used.
By the planar structure, a high specific colonization area and/or reaction area is achieved, which, moreover--in contrast to porous materials--is freely accessible. The specific weight of these confetti-like particles is freely selectable depending on material or material combination, so that the particles in the reactor can be easily fluidized without great energy expenditure and, if necessary, can be easily pumped. If the reaction particles are to be used in a reactor filled with liquid, the specific weight of the particles is preferably adjusted so that it corresponds approximately to that of the liquid. With use in reactors for waste-water treatment, reaction particles are preferably used, wh
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Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Wyse Thomas G.
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