Ammunition and explosives – Igniting devices and systems – Ignition or detonation circuit
Patent
1986-12-22
1988-09-27
Jordan, Charles T.
Ammunition and explosives
Igniting devices and systems
Ignition or detonation circuit
102211, F42C 1304, F42C 1300
Patent
active
047733284
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method of actuating a proximity fuze and to a device for implementing the method.
To effectively combat certain types of targets, high explosive projectiles must be caused to detonate at an optimum distance from the respective target. For combatting semi-hard targets, for example, the optimum detonation point lies some 10 m above the target so that the effective units, e.g. fragments released with high kinetic energy by the detonation of the projectile, penetrate such targets from the top. However, to combat soft targets, a lower detonation point is preferred, e.g. a few meters above the target, since such targets are preferably combatted from the side.
High explosive projectiles equipped with proximity fuzes are already known for combatting various types of targets, with the optimum firing distance being set by the operating crew immediately before firing of the projectile. If there is stress from extraordinary combat situations and/or in darkness, operator errors cannot be excluded, so that the projectile may not become optimally effective because of a wrongly set proximity fuze.
Finally, the correct setting of the proximity fuze also depends on excellent and always up to date reconnaissance results which are not available under all combat conditions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to provide a method of actuating a proximity fuze while avoiding the above-mentioned error sources and assuring optimum use of the projectile. Moreover, a device is to be provided for implementing the method.
Based on a method of the type described in greater detail above, this is accomplished by providing a target sensor which detects characteristic properties of targets disposed in the target area, and controlling the proximity fuze to respond at different heights above the earth's surface depending upon the type of target detected by the target sensor.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a projectile
flying over a target area;
FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of the device.
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram schematically illustrating the sequence of operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a projectile 10 which is in the final phase of its flight toward a target area in which various types of targets may be detected, e.g. hard targets 13, semi-hard targets 14 and soft targets 15. Projectile 10 transports an explosive charge 10a which must be detonated at an optimum height above the target in order to effectively combat it.
For this purpose, projectile 10 is equipped with an adjustable proximity fuze 11 which is able to measure the height of projectile 10 above the ground and above a target, respectively, and to cause the explosive charge 10a to detonate when the set optimum height is reached. Advisably, proximity fuze 11 may operate according to the radar principle or photo-optically. Conventional firing circuits permit response of the proximity fuze 11 at a predetermined height above the ground as a result of programming or setting at firing. Whether this height is actually the optimum combat height above the target depends on the quality of the reconnaissance results and is therefore fraught with great uncertainty. The invention avoids this drawback in that it additionally provides a target sensor 17 within projectile 10. This target sensor is able to distinguish between different types of targets and is coupled with proximity fuze 11 in such a manner that--dependent on the detection of a certain type of target--it causes proximity fuze 11 to respond at the height optimum for combatting the detected target. For example, target sensor 17 may be a metal detector which reacts when it approaches metal masses and is thus able to detect armored and/or unarmored vehicles. According to a further variation of the invention, target sensor 17 also operates according to the radar principle and is able to detect the presence of metal targets by transmitting and rec
REFERENCES:
patent: 3858207 (1966-09-01), Macomber et al.
patent: 4583461 (1986-04-01), Weber
patent: 4651647 (1987-03-01), Baker
Germershausen Raimund
Romer Rudolf
Schepp Hans-Egon
Jordan Charles T.
Rheinmetall GmbH
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