Movable or removable closures – With means mounting closure for swinging – Closure nests within portal frame
Patent
1991-01-31
1992-04-14
Kannan, Philip C.
Movable or removable closures
With means mounting closure for swinging
Closure nests within portal frame
49395, 49501, 292DIG60, 292DIG61, 29234118, E05D 700
Patent
active
051035928
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention pertains to a protective door device for anti-aircraft installations and nuclear power stations. It has a door opening in a wall preferably designed as a concrete wall and a protective, closeable door that overlaps the wall.
In the event of an atomic accident or explosion there occurs in addition to such immediate effects as a pressure wave and its subsequent suction wave the release of radio-active rays. These remain active for a long time. If, for example, atomic bombs with supplemental devices--that is, plutonium bombs--are detonated, poisonous gases, which are generally radio-active, are also released.
In the event of nuclear catastrophies, therefore, or if tactical nuclear weapons are employed, all protective devices must on the one hand be secure against all pressure waves and, on the other hand, they must still seal to such a degree that the protective device is impervious to all subsequent effects but especially those which derive from radio-active material. All this makes truly extraordinary demands on a protective door device, but these demands are, in general, not met by doors currently in service. A protective door device should be capable of withstanding a pressure wave of 10 bar (as a reflected pressure wave) and continue to provide total sealing, and it should also survive the subsequent suction wave and continue to seal properly. These two pressure waves, which follow rapidly one after the other and, acting in opposite directions, cause pressure and then suction, place high demands on the mechanical rigidity.
Proceeding from these considerations it is the purpose of the invention to create for anti-aircraft installations and nuclear power stations a protective door which will continue to seal while withstanding both a reflected pressure wave of 10 bar and the subsequent suction wave and which can be produced at a reasonable price.
This problem is solved by means of a protective device for anti-aircraft installations and nuclear power stations. It has a door opening in a wall preferably designed as a concrete wall. The opening is surrounded on all sides by the wall and can be closed by means of a protective door which overlaps the wall. The protective door has a central lock and a bowl-shaped metal door insert which is reinforced by ribs, and from the longitudinal edges of the door one-piece support arms project. Two bearing bolts on which two door hinges are mounted are inserted in the wall near the door opening, and pockets for adjustable engagement of lock bails of the central lock are arranged in the door jambs.
The door insert, made of aluminum or steel, is cast in one piece by casting or by casting under pressure. It acquires its ability to withstand the reflected pressure wave though on the one hand the convex shape that it presents to this pressure wave--the door is bowl shaped--and, on the other, through the reinforcing ribs. No frame is used. Rather, the door is hung on hinges which are set directly in the wall by means of two bearing bolts. The door opening is surrounded on all sides by the wall. Thus it does not, as is the case with a door to a room, border on a floor or on another surface. The door opening is preferably round--at least it should not be square. Especially recommended is an oval shape--and by oval should be understood in addition to egg-shaped a design that is formed by two semicircles and the straight lines which join them. (cf. the oval in a stadium).
When the pressure wave is felt the door leaf is pressed against the outside wall around the door opening. During the following suction wave the door leaf is held in place by the lock bails. Moreover, as the grip of the lock bails in the pockets can be adjusted, a good seal can be maintained even while the suction wave can be felt. In this respect it is especially advantageous if the contact areas of the lock bails are held elastically in place in the pockets. This is achieved preferably by a spring which loads the pertinent ends of the lock bails in a direction that is transverse to the main surface o
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Cornaby K. S.
Kannan Philip C.
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