Boring or penetrating the earth – Boring by directly applying heat to fluidize or comminute
Patent
1994-02-01
1996-01-02
Neuder, William P.
Boring or penetrating the earth
Boring by directly applying heat to fluidize or comminute
175 16, 299 14, E21B 714
Patent
active
054799945
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the mining industry and more particularly to drilling holes in loose rocks, specifically in quaternary deposits and technogenic soils with simultaneous durable and ecologically clean tubeless linings for different types of hydrogeological and engineering wells (water holes, water table falling holes, explosion holes, to strengthen bulkheads and pit edges, dumps and heaps, to install piles in civil engineering works, to reinforce building foundations, to lay service lines, etc.), for drilling and strengthening upper floors, represented by loose and weathered rocks, and also for strengthening areas of tectonic disturbances. etc.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known in the method of electrothermomechanical drilling and device for its implementation (see Inventor's Certificate No. 1,555,460 Int. Cl. E 21 7(15,1988), which consists in loosening the rock by the passage of current and then in drilling this loosened rock by a mechanical rock-breaking foot and excavating the drill sludge from the hole with an air mixture. This sludge is then divided on fraction, then the coarse fraction is separated, concentrated and broken down thermodynamically outside of the drill pipes.
The device that realizes this method includes a drill bit, a bit chamber, a current collector, an insulating adaptor and a multi-screw spiral, put on an external surface of the cylindrical bit chamber.
However, this method and device are only capable of loosening the rock with the further evacuation of the breakdown products. This method does not strengthen the hole shaft with a solid layer of compressed and thermally transformed rocks.
See also the known device for electrothermal hole drilling (see IC 1,608,340 Int. Cl. E 215 37(18,1988), which we took as a prototype. It includes a rotator, a jib holder, drill jib with waveguide, a compressor, a magnetron, a sludge pipe and a high-temperature penetrator.
This device does not provide sufficiently high drilling speed in loose rocks because the highest temperature is generated directly on the extended circular or conical end of the penetrator and is fed by contact through the melt layer to the rock. Besides, outside the liquid phase of the melt layer in loose rock there is inevitably formed an area of compressed and thermally transformed rock at the expense of its sintering and baking. The high density and strength of the crystalline phase formed in front of the stope, block the mechanical moving of the penetrator and considerably reduce the drilling speed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to increase the capacity and reduce the expense of drilling holes of different purposes with the simultaneous and reliable lining of the shaft with a layer of thermally transformed rock and vitrified melt.
According to this method the loosening of rocks is realized by their preliminary drying at a temperature of 400-450 K., dehydration (sublimation of bound water) at t.degree. of 700-750 K., burning out organic impurities and dissociation (decomposition) with gas phase separation (for example, carbonates with CO.sub.2 separation) at t.degree. of 750-950 K.. The sintering, baking and vitrification of the compressed rock in the hole walls are realized at a temperature of 1800-2300 K.
The device that realizes this method includes a drilling rig with forced feeding, a drill pipe core with a waveguide to channel UHF-energy, a magnetron and a penetrator, the upper end of which is connected with the jib through an adaptor-crystallizer-former. The lower working end of the penetrator is in the form of a rock-breaking cone with a smooth external surface or in the form of a pick drill thermally insulated from the main part of the penetrator.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description below:
FIG. 1: A general view of the device;
FIG. 2: A thermomechanical penetrator;
FIG. 3: A rock-breaking foot in the form of a screw;
FIG. 4: A rock-breaking foot in the fo
REFERENCES:
patent: 3693731 (1972-09-01), Armstrong et al.
patent: 4590348 (1986-05-01), Lahti et al.
Maximov V. I. et al. "Novye sposoby bureniya skvazhin" seria: Tekhnika i tekhnologia geologorazvedochnykh rabot; organizatsia proizvodstva, 1971, VIEMS(Moscow) pp. 32-35.
Spravochnik po bureniyu i oborudovaniju skvazhin na vodu, pod redaktsiei Dubrovskogo V. V., 1972, Nedra (Moscow).
Kudryashov Boris B.
Litvinenko Vladimir S.
Soloviev Georgy N.
Neuder William P.
Sankt-Peter Burgsky Gorny Institut ImeniG.V./Plekhanova
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