Phase locked loop having voltage controlled oscillator utilizing

Oscillators – Automatic frequency stabilization using a phase or frequency... – Afc with logic elements

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331 57, 331 74, 327158, 327159, H03B 524, H03L 7099

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active

056148682

ABSTRACT:
A phase locked loop including a VCO having a multi-stage oscillator portion and a combinational logic portion. The multi-stage oscillator portion is configured to oscillate at a VCO clock frequency during a steady state condition under the control of a VCO control signal, and is further operative to develop a plurality of clock phases at the VCO clock frequency, with one of such clock phases used in the determination of the VCO control signal. The combinational logic portion is responsive to at least some of the plurality of clock phases and is operative to combine clock phases to create an output clock having an output clock frequency that is a multiple of the input clock frequency. A method for multiplying an input clock frequency includes the steps of applying an input clock to a delay chain, developing a plurality of phase-shifted clocks by tapping into the delay chain, and combining the plurality of phase-shifted clocks in combinational logic to produce an output clock having a frequency that is a multiple of the input clock frequency. A method for making a VCO includes producing a looped chain of delay elements that can provide oscillation, where an output of a delay element is phase-shifted relative to the output of a preceding delay element, producing combinational logic, and coupling a plurality of the delay element outputs to the combinational logic such that the frequency of the combined signal is a multiple of the VCO oscillation frequency.

REFERENCES:
patent: 5262735 (1993-11-01), Hashimoto et al.
patent: 5448191 (1995-09-01), Meyer
Gardner, Floyd M., "Charge-Pump Phase-Lock Loops," IEEE action on Communications, Nov. 1980, vol. COM-28, No. 11, pp. 1849-1858.
Chie, Chak M., et al., "Phase-Locked Loops: Applications, Performance Measures, and Summary of Analytical Results," IEEE Press, Nov. 1986 pp. 3-25.

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