Internal-combustion engines – Adjustable combustion chamber – Piston in head adjusted
Patent
1991-12-05
1993-02-23
Okonsky, David A.
Internal-combustion engines
Adjustable combustion chamber
Piston in head adjusted
123 78A, 123 51BB, F02B 7504
Patent
active
051880660
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an arrangement for an internal combustion engine of the kind which has a number of working cylinders, a corresponding number of auxiliary cylinders, each of which communicates with an associated working cylinder, and in each working cylinder a working piston which is so arranged as to execute a reciprocating motion inside the working cylinder and which, via a connecting rod, is operatively connected to a first crankshaft, in each auxiliary cylinder an auxiliary piston which is so arranged as to execute a reciprocating motion inside the auxiliary cylinder and which, in a similar fashion to the working piston, is operatively connected to a second crankshaft and a device acting between the aforementioned crankshafts to ensure that the reciprocating motion of the auxiliary piston occurs at a frequency related to the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the working piston, and to provide angular displacement between the shafts with a view to the creation of a compression ratio in the respective working cylinders and auxiliary cylinders which is dependent upon the loading on the engine at any given time.
An engine of this construction is previously disclosed, for example, in SE A 7806909-3. Also described here are the advantages which are achieved in respect of thermal efficiency and the nature of the exhaust gases in an engine which exhibits a variable compression ratio. A common feature of previously disclosed engines with a variable, load dependent compression ratio is that energy is taken from the working piston for the purpose of controlling the motion of the auxiliary piston and its instantaneous position in the auxiliary cylinder via the aforementioned device acting between the crankshafts.
Although the engine disclosed through SE A 7806909-A thus exhibits positive features with regard to its efficiency and the composition of the exhaust gases as far as their effect on the environment is concerned, the object of the present invention is to make available an engine of even greater efficiency, in particular in the low-load range of the engine, with this being achieved in accordance with the invention in that the aforementioned device is so arranged as to transmit energy originating from the effect of the combustion on the respective auxiliary piston from the second crankshaft to the first crankshaft, and in that the operative connection between the respective auxiliary piston and the second crankshaft is so arranged as to allow the expansion motion of the auxiliary piston, that is to say its motion away from the working piston, to extend over more than 180.degree. of the rotation of the second crankshaft, and to reduce the lateral forces of the auxiliary piston against the wall of the auxiliary cylinder, which generate frictional losses.
A further object, which is met by an engine in accordance with the invention, is to make available variable piston displacements which reduce the pumping and compression work of the engine.
In accordance with one particular characteristic of the invention, a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned device comprises toothed belt pulleys on the respective crankshafts, a toothed belt running around the belt pulleys, and means of a previously disclosed kind so arranged as to lengthen or shorten one section of the belt at the expense of the other section, in conjunction with which the aforementioned lengthening/shortening is executed so that the desired angular displacement is achieved, whereby an especially functional and economical construction is obtained.
An operative connection which imparts an expansion motion to the auxiliary piston over more than 180.degree. of the rotation of the second crankshaft, and at the same time reduces its frictional losses, can be appreciated from a second particular characteristic, and in this case means that the operative connection between the respective auxiliary piston and the aforementioned second crankshaft is a connecting rod, and that the axis of rotation of the second crankshaft is displaced in p
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Okonsky David A.
Skarblacka Bil & Motor AB
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