Compositions: coating or plastic – Coating or plastic compositions – Molds and mold coating compositions
Patent
1991-11-19
1993-09-28
Bell, Mark L.
Compositions: coating or plastic
Coating or plastic compositions
Molds and mold coating compositions
106 387, B28B 738
Patent
active
052483339
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of mixtures of light-colored bis(C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -fatty acid) alkylenediamides and C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -fatty acid esters and also, if desired, metal soaps of C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -fatty acids.
2. Statement of Related Art
Bis(C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 -fatty acid) alkylenediamides, for example ethylenediamine distearate, are employed in the plastics industry as additives. They are used as slip agents, for example in the processing of rigid and plasticized PVC compositions, and impart excellent anti-block properties to the finished products, for example films. They are also suitable, however, for use as slip agents and mold release agents for plastics based on polystyrene. They are also employed in other thermoplastics, for example in the processing of polyesters and polyamides. In comparison with other slip agents and mold release agents they have high melting points (about 140.degree. C.). They therefore have no unfavorable effect on the heat distortion point of the plastics treated with them. By virtue of their properties, which can be assessed as physiologically acceptable, they are used for the preparation of PVC compositions for food packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, toys and medicinal tubing.
The starting materials for the bis(C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -fatty acid) alkylenediamides, described below as fatty acid alkylenediamides, for example ethylenediamine or hexamethylenediamine, are very sensitive to oxidation at the reaction temperatures required for the reaction with fatty acids (about 170.degree. C.); the reaction with fatty acids is therefore expediently carried out under a protective gas or with the exclusion of air or oxygen. The fatty acid alkylenediamides are also similarly sensitive when they are used for making up by spraying or flaking. Normally, i.e. in the presence of air or oxygen, this results in discoloration, so that brown colored end products are obtained. Although it is also possible to convert fatty acid alkylenediamides into suitable made-up products of a small particle size by grinding, this is a labor-intensive and expensive measure.
For the reasons mentioned above, special equipment is required for the preparation of fatty acid alkylenediamides. It is not possible to carry out their preparation in an adequate quality in customary industrial equipment (esterification equipment or spray towers).
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention is based on the realization that the abovementioned disadvantages of sensitivity to oxidation of alkylenediamines and fatty acid alkylenediamides can be avoided if mixtures of fatty acid alkylenediamides, fatty acid esters and, if desired, metal soaps of fatty acids are prepared in a melt containing the fatty acid. With respect to their action as additives for plastics, the fatty acid alkylenediamides present in the mixtures are equivalent to the pure fatty acid alkylenediamides.
Accordingly, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of mixtures of light-colored bis(C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -fatty acid) alkylenediamides and C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -fatty acid esters and also, if desired, metal soaps of C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -fatty acids, in which process a part of the fatty acids is subjected, in a melt containing fatty acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, to a condensation reaction with diamines of the general formula carbon atoms, to give the corresponding fatty acid diamides, a part of the fatty acids is esterified with fatty alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and/or polyfunctional alkanols having 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, and also, if desired, a part of the fatty acids is reacted with basic compounds of divalent metals to give the corresponding metal soaps, the condensation reaction of the fatty acids with the diamines being carried out before the esterification of the fatty acids with the fatty alcohols and/or polyfunctional alkanols.
One of the advantages of the process of the invention is based on the fact that the amidat
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Fleischer Erwin
Loeffelholz Frido
Wedl Peter
Worschech Kurt
Bell Mark L.
Einsmann M.
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Neynaber Chemie GmbH
Szoke Ernest G.
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