Electrical audio signal processing systems and devices – Directive circuits for microphones
Patent
1995-03-07
1998-04-07
Kuntz, Curtis
Electrical audio signal processing systems and devices
Directive circuits for microphones
381 94, H04R 300
Patent
active
057374317
ABSTRACT:
Apparatus for determining the location of a signal-generating source (e.g., a conferee in a telephone conference) includes at least three sensors (e.g., microphones) arranged in a plurality of sets, each having two or more sensors. A surface-finding element responds to receipt at each sensor set of signals (e.g., speech) from the source for identifying a geometric surface (e.g., the surface of a hyperboloid or cone) representing potential locations of the source as a function of sensor locations and time difference of arrival of the signals. A location-approximating element coupled to two or more of the sets identifies a line that further defines potential source locations at the intersection of the surfaces. A location signal representing those potential locations is generated in accord with parameters of that line. Further functionality generates generating the location signal as a function of closest intersections the plural ones of the aforementioned lines.
REFERENCES:
G. Clifford Carter, "Time Delay Estimation for Passive Sonar Signal Processing", IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-29, No. 3, pp. 463-470 (1981).
Michael S. Brandstein et al., "A Closed-Form Method For Finding Source Locations From Microphone-Array Time-Delay Estimates," Lab. for Engineering Man/Machine Systems; Div. of Engineering; Brown University, Prov., R.I. 02912; pp. 2-16.
"Signal Processing Examples," Chapter 13, Kalman Filters, pp. 452-470.
H. C. Schau et al., Passive Source Localization Employing Intsecting Spherical Surfaces from Time-Of-Arrival Differences, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-35, No. 8, Aug. 1987.
Ralph O. Schmidt, "A New Approach to Geometry of Range Difference Location," IEEE Enterstate Electronics Corporation, Anaheim, CA 92802.
Adcock John E.
Brandstein Michael S.
Silverman Harvey F.
Brown University Research Foundation
Engellenner Thomas J.
Kuntz Curtis
Kurisko Mark A.
Nguyen Duc
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