Surface-coated hard material for cutting tools or wear resistanc

Details Surface-coated hard material for cutting tools or wear resistanc Surface-coated hard material for cutting tools or wear resistanc

1991-06-27

1993-11-30

Turner, A. A.

Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Structurally defined web or sheet

Including components having same physical characteristic in...

428698, 428704, 51295, 51307, 51309, C23C 1406

Patent

active

052663892

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a surface-coated hard material for cutting tools or wear resistance tools, in which a coating layer is provided on the surface of a cutting tool or wear resistance tool to improve the wear reistance.


TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Up to the present time, cutting tools and wear resistance tools have generally been composed of cemented carbides based on tungsten carbide (WC), various cermets based on titanium carbide (TiC), steels such as high-speed steels or hard alloys and ceramics based on silicon carbide and silicon nitride.
In order to improve the wear resistnace of the cutting tools or wear resistance tools, a surface-coated hard material has been developed and has lately been put to practical use, in which one or more layers of carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides of Ti, Hf or Zr or oxide of Al are formed on the whole surface or the surface of the edge part thereof by a PVD method or CVD method. In particular, the cutting tool or wear resistance tool having the hard coating layer formed by the PVD method is capable of improving the wear resistnce without deteriorating the strength of the base material and accordingly, it is suitable for a cutting use requiring strength, for example, throwaway inserts for drills, end mills, milling cutters, etc.
However, the PVD method is favorably compared with the CVD method in respect that the hard coating layer can be formed without deteriorating the strength of the substrate. But, in the PVD method, it is difficult to stably form an oxide of Al and accordingly, a hard coating layer consisting of Al oxide formed by the PVD method has not been put to practical use. On the other hand, in the hard coating layers consisting of carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides of Ti, Hf or Zr formed by the present PVD method, the wear resistance cannot be said sufficient and in the high speed cutting, in particular, cutting tools or wear resistance tools thereof have shortened lives because of poor wear resistance.


DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Under the situation, the present invention has been made for the purpose of overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art and thus provides a surface-coated hard material for a cutting tool or wear resistance tool by providing a coating layer having excellent wear reisistance while maintaining the substrate strength of the cutting tool or wear resistance tool, in particular, exhibiting an improved wear resistance over the prior art in high speed cutting.
The above described object can be achieved by a surface-coated hard material for a cutting tool or wear resistance tool, characterized in that a layer consisting of a carbide, nitride or carbonitride of Ti, Zr or Hf and a layer consisting of a carbide, nitride or carbonitride of Al are alternately laminated to form at least 10 hard coating layers, each layer having a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2 .mu.m and the total layer thickness being 0.5 to 10 .mu., on the surface of a substrate of a cutting tool or wear resistance tool. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least 10 layers of TiN layers and AlN layers each having a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2 .mu.m are alternately laminated to provide a coating layer having a whole layer thickness of 0.5 to 0.8 .mu.m on the surface of a substrate consisting of a cutting tool or wear resistance tool, thus obtaining a surface-coated super-hard material for a cutting tool or wear resistance tool.
In the present specification, Ti, Zr and Hf are sometimes represented by M.
The hard coating layer can be provided on the whole surface of a cutting tool or wear resistance tool or only the surface of an edge part. Formation of the hard coating layer can be carried out in known manner, but the PVD method such as sputting methods, ion plating methods, etc. is preferable in respect of that the substrate strength can readily be maintained.
The surface-coated super-hard material of the present invention is excellent, as a cutting tool or wear resistance tool, in wear resistance, deposition resistance and brea

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Schintlmeister et al, "Cutting Tool Material Coated by Chemical Vapour Deposition" Wear, 100 (1984) pp. 153-169.
Beensh-Marchwicka et al, "Structure of Thin Films Prepared by the Lospultoning of Titanium and Aiuminum or Titanium and Silicon" Thin Solid Films, 82 (1981) pp. 313-320.

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