Surgery – Cardiac augmentation
Patent
1998-12-01
2000-10-31
Jastrzab, Jeffrey R.
Surgery
Cardiac augmentation
623 3, 415900, A61M 112
Patent
active
061394874
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an intracardiac pump device with two pumps that may be inserted into the heart to assist the natural cardiac pump function or to replace the same by a continuous pumping operation.
A pump device for supporting the heart is described in WO94/09835 (Jarvik). This pump device comprises two independent pumps each having a pump portion and a drive portion rigidly connected therewith. The pump portion of the one pump is introduced into the left ventricle through an operation opening at the apex of the heart such that it delivers blood from the left ventricle into the aorta. The other pump portion is introduced through another operation opening into the right ventricle such that it delivers blood from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery. The system further comprises a control and display module that is small enough to be sterilized and used in the sterile environment of the operation. It may include a microprocessor with control and monitoring algorithms for regulating the volume flow and the pressure, or to supply the volume flow and the pressure to a data base, the values thereof having bee n measured by sensors or having been calculated by comparing the measurements of velocity and energy consumption. These pumps, referred to as cannula pumps, may be equipped with built-in pressure sensors or volume flow measuring devices to take local measurements of these parameters in the context of patient management.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an intracardiac pump device with at least two pumps that allows to achieve an effective support of the heart by suitably determining the operational conditions of both pumps.
The present intracardiac pump device comprises two pumps to be placed in the heart, each having a drive portion and a pump portion rigidly connected thereto. Both pumps are driven in mutual dependance by a common control means. According to the present invention, the two pumps are not driven independently but such that in both pumps the parameters important for the operation of the pump are adapted to each other. Thus, any interfering operation of both pumps is avoided and, further, the occurrence of unnatural pressure or suction conditions in the heart and the peripheral organs is prevented.
In the context of the present invention, the term "intracardiac" is meant to refer to the ventricles, the vestibules and the adjacent vascular stumps.
An essential parameter of an intracardiac blood pump is the volume flow conveyed per unit of time. The controls of both pumps are tuned to each other such that the volume flows are in a predetermined relation to each other. When one pump is used as a right heart pump and the other is used as a left heart pump, both pumps deliver into fluid systems that, seen in the flow direction, are arranged in series behind each other, with the supply system to the lung being flown through first, this system being in direct fluid communication with the right ventricle. After oxygenation of the blood in the lung, the blood returns to the heart, i.e. to the left ventricle. From the left ventricle, the blood is pumped into the aorta. In the peripheral vessel system, however, the volume of blood is reduced by about 10% due to branches and "leakages". The volume flow of the right heart pump is smaller by a predetermined percentage, preferably about 10%, than that of the left heart pump. This fixed percentage remains the same in case of a variation in the volume flow, i.e. the volume flows of both pumps change in the same percentage amount.
The common control unit of both pumps may also comprise different control means communicating with each other so that a change in the volume flow of one pump automatically causes a corresponding change of the volume flow of the other pump.
Preferably, both pumps are operated under master-slave control, the left heart pump usually taking the function of the master. The left heart pump is the pump that has to deliver the largest output volume against the highest counter-pressure, which is why it is su
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Impella Cardiotechnik AG
Jastrzab Jeffrey R.
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