Liquid purification or separation – Tangential flow or centrifugal fluid action – Multiple cyclone
Patent
1994-12-30
1996-05-21
Dawson, Robert A.
Liquid purification or separation
Tangential flow or centrifugal fluid action
Multiple cyclone
210805, 210788, 210294, 2103801, 209728, 209730, 241 19, 241 21, B01D 2126
Patent
active
055186165
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
Plant for the separation at high temperatures of contaminants of various types from plastic material in small pieces or leaves
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a plant for the separation at high temperatures of contaminants of various types from plastic material in small pieces or in leaves.
This is a need which is particularly felt during processes for the recycling of plastic material: the material must in fact be freed of different contaminants such as for example paper, glue, wood and, more generally, various types of fibres.
The existence of a centrifugal dryer is also known as being particularly suitable for plastic material in small pieces previously washed. This dryer has been described in the Gazzoni, U.S. Pat. No. 4,441,262, issued Apr. 10, 1984.
It has also been seen that the dryer can be used as a device for separating contaminants from plastic material in small pieces or leaves.
This operation is rendered particularly effective if performed at high temperatures using water and steam, with chemical additives if required, as a fluid for conveying the material along the plant.
The use of steam as a component of the conveying fluid however entails high costs both in energy terms and in terms of equipment for producing the steam itself.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the invention is therefore to provide a plant for the separation at high temperatures of contaminants from plastic material in small pieces or leaves which uses a centrifugal separation device such as the one mentioned above and functioning with a conveying fluid consisting of water and steam in which the use of steam does not entail costs which are too high both in energy terms and in terms of equipment for the production of steam.
In accordance with the invention the object is achieved by means of a separation plant characterised in that it comprises at least one stage for the separation of contaminants which comprises, in turn, a centrifugal separator device designed to separate an input flow consisting of plastic material in small pieces or leaves, with contaminants, and a conveying fluid comprising water and steam, into a main flow of the material and the conveying fluid and into a secondary flow of the contaminants and the conveying fluid, and a cyclone designed to receive in input the secondary flow and to divide it into a discharge flow of the contaminants and water and into a flow of steam which is conveyed towards the inlet of the separation device of the same stage and/or of previous stages.
Moreover, a final cyclone is preferably provided, connected in cascade to all the possible separation stages of the plant to receive in input the main flow in output at the final stage and to separate it in turn into a flow of material and water carried outside of the plant, and into a flow of steam conveyed towards the inlet of the separation device of at least one of the stages which precede it.
The use of a cyclone on the discharge outlet of each stage or at the outlet of the whole plant is justified by the fact that, as is known, the cyclone is a device designed to confer a rotary motion to a fluid contained therein. The rotary motion, in a manner likewise known, can facilitate, through a centrifugal action, the separation of various components of the fluid itself. In this particular case, the action of the cyclone is exerted in two different points: at the discharge outlet of each stage of separation and at the outlet of the plant itself.
The recycling of steam in the separation plant, made possible by the use of cyclones at each of the stages whereof the plant is composed and connected in cascade to all the stages, represents a considerable saving both in terms of energy costs and of equipment for the production of steam.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The features of the present invention will be made clearer by the following detailed description of its possible embodiment, shown by way of a non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows schematically
REFERENCES:
patent: 4034862 (1977-07-01), Bahri et al.
patent: 4160722 (1979-07-01), Marsh
patent: 4441262 (1984-04-01), Gazzoni
patent: 5232607 (1993-08-01), Lundquist
patent: 5236603 (1993-08-01), Sampson
patent: 5390860 (1995-02-01), Ali et al.
Dawson Robert A.
Reifsnyder David A.
Sorema s.r.l.
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