Liquid purification or separation – Recirculation
Patent
1999-01-20
2000-07-18
Lithgow, Thomas M.
Liquid purification or separation
Recirculation
2101953, 2101954, 210197, 210220, 2102211, 2102212, 210926, 261DIG75, C02F 322, C02F 174, B01F 304
Patent
active
060902779
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a reactor for the depuration of polluted waste waters, more especially a physical-chernical-biological type reactor with forced circulation to depurate industrial and civil residual polluted waters.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The prior art comprises the use of air and/or oxygen biological reactors and is explained in detail below with an example and with reference to FIG. 1 in which:
The administration of air or oxygen takes place in one of the following ways: uniformly distributed on the bottom of the tanks V1 and V2; with nozzles distributed in some points on the bottom of tanks V1 and V2; water and spray it into the surrounding air aerating it as it falls.
The drawbacks of the prior art are shown below: means of chemical products; porous plates or pipes, with a variable porosity, for instance between 30.mu. and 250.mu., that consequently generate micro-bubbles that expand reducing the gas-water contact surface, that is already scarce with the above porosity values. water spouts, e.g. 40-80 mm., and with water pressure around 1.5-2 Kg/cm.sup.2 does not enhance the dimensions of the air-water contact surfaces, because the same spout is not in a cavitation condition. mixed into the water as would be desirable. launched into the surrounding air; also in this case there are no relevant air-water contact surfaces are generated, given the scarce energy in breaking the surface tension (cavitation). contemporary separation phenomenon by sludge flotation, but only re-mixing appears. the three methods described above do not lead to any useful natural correction of the pH and appreciable reduction of toxicity, owing to the presence of inorganic reduction substances (chemical reactions due to sufficient molecular dissolution of the oxygen). are practically limited to the value of the ratio between the volume of said two tanks and the hourly delivery of water to be depurated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention obviates the above mentioned drawbacks and, as characterized in the first claim, is a reactor comprising a tank to contain and depurate polluted water in which a number of oxygenizers, compliant with the Italian patent No. 1 147 264 by Ambrogio AFFRI, or equivalent ones, hence forth called cavitation oxygenizers or simply oxygenizers, administer recirculation air and water to the mass of polluted water and it is distributed so that in the entire mass of polluted water a first turbulence arises along the perimeter of the tank; therefore, in a rectangular, square or polygon tank the number of oxygenizers may all be directed the same way parallel to the bottom of the tank or else it may be more advantageous to divide them into two groups separated by a symmetry axis parallel to the tank bottom, one group in which the oxygenizers are pointed in one direction and the other in the opposite direction, always parallel to the tank bottom; in a circular tank the oxygenizers are set parallel to lines tangent to the circle of the tank.
In this context by--cavitation oxygenizers--or more simply--oxygenizers--we intend oxygenizers built in order to operate in conditions of outflow of the liquid in the zone where the water and air are mixed within their bodies at pressures lower than atmospheric pressure, in other words in conditions such that the total energy of the outflowing liquid is totally kinetic.
The invented reactor, with the above arrangement of the oxygenizers, in turn divided into first oxygenizers and second oxygenizers (as explained herein), is a forced circulation reactor. In it a second turbulent motion is also produced that re-circulates the polluted water from below towards the top of the tank and viceversa; in this way, three layers are formed that, starting from above, may be identified as first zone or sludges and foams zone, second zone or reaction and flotation zone, and third zone or depurated water or primary water zone. The first oxygenizers are uniformly distributed on one or more planes next to and parallel to the bottom of t
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GB. Odobez S.R.L.
Lithgow Thomas M.
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