Multiplex communications – Pathfinding or routing – Combined circuit switching and packet switching
Patent
1998-01-07
2000-10-03
Pham, Chi H.
Multiplex communications
Pathfinding or routing
Combined circuit switching and packet switching
370401, 379114, H04L 1266, H04L 1228
Patent
active
06128291&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the establishment of a path for a telecommunications call, and more particularly to the establishment of a call telecommunications path through a packet-based telecommunications network interconnected with a public telecommunications network.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELEVANT ART
Since the invention of the telephone, the world has seen the steady and often explosive growth of telecommunications networks. Telecommunications services throughout the world are linked to provide access from virtually any country to virtually any other country, with governments and private companies operating many telecommunications networks, both nationally and internationally. Some of these telecommunications networks are for the private use of the owning or operating entity. Others are operated by common carriers or by telecommunications service providers for use by the public or for use by a limited group of subscribers.
Telecommunications networks are not all alike. There are wide variations in the speed at which information is transported over telecommunications networks and in the ways in which networks interconnect and interface with other networks. Because of such differences in speed, interfaces, and modes of operation, many telecommunications networks cannot be interconnected with other telecommunications networks.
With the proliferation of telecommunications networks, it is not surprising that some networks are more heavily used than others. The complexities and difficulties involved in interconnecting networks, however, often prevent users of crowded and expensive telecommunications networks, for example, from switching to less crowded and less expensive telecommunications networks.
An additional problem with the substitution of one telecommunications network for another is that different networks may not provide service to or be readily accessible from the same geographic areas. Even if the service areas of different networks overlap significantly, the potential user of an alternate telecommunications network must constantly keep in mind which areas can be reached from or by which network.
This coverage area problem is only one example of a larger problem faced by users of multiple telecommunications networks: the overall operating environments, parameters, and instructions of different networks are often very dissimilar. A user seeking to use multiple networks thus may have the additional burden of learning completely different telecommunications network operating systems.
The problems typically encountered today with multiple network use may be illustrated by considering one of the most popular telecommunications services, basic telephony. Despite considerable progress, public telephone networks, and particularly international public telephone networks, are often expensive and sometimes unreliable. Individual consumers and companies that do not have their own private international telephone telecommunications systems, however, have few alternatives to the use of these public networks. Even companies with their own private telecommunications systems for their internal use must bear the added costs of maintaining their switches and telecommunications facilities, and may in any event encounter significant problems in interconnecting with public telecommunications systems.
Recently, a number of large capacity international telecommunications networks have been developed, primarily for the transport of data. These networks use frame-relay ("FR"), asynchronous transfer mode ("ATM") or other packet-based technologies. A packet-based network sends data through the network by breaking a large message into blocks or "packets" of limited size. Individual packets are then transmitted through the network, and reassembled into the original large message at the destination of the message. Thus, packets may not arrive at their network destination in the same order that they were sent.
Packet-based networks frequently have excess telecommunications capacity that is available at
REFERENCES:
patent: 5101451 (1992-03-01), Ash et al.
patent: 5724407 (1998-03-01), Bruno et al.
patent: 5751706 (1998-05-01), Land et al.
patent: 5790538 (1998-08-01), Sugar
Kruy Steven J
Land Mark S
Perlman Andrew T
Walvick Edward A
Cignal Global Communications, Inc.
Pham Chi H.
Yao Kwang B.
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