Internal-combustion engines – Water and hydrocarbon
Patent
1990-10-19
1992-06-30
Dolinar, Andrew M.
Internal-combustion engines
Water and hydrocarbon
123 25R, 123 25F, 137897, 366134, 366137, 366177, 366262, F02M 2502
Patent
active
051253674
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention refers to a method and apparatus for producing a water-in-fuel-emulsion, the apparatus comprising a rotationally symmetric vortex chamber with a tangential inlet and a tapering axial outlet. Further, the invention refers to a water-in-fuel emulsion produceable by the method.
It is known that by adding water to diesel fuel the operating temperature of the motor and the nitrogen monoxide portion and the soot portion in the exhaust gas can be reduced. A comparable conclusion is also valid for oil burners. However, to achieve this it is decisive that the diesel fuel and the water are transferred to the form of an emulsion in which smallest water droplets are suspended in the diesel fuel. For this reason it has already been proposed to introduce a premixed fuel water mixture tangentially into a rotationally symmetric vortex chamber tapering continuously towards its axial outlet with which a channel tapering in direction of the flow is connected via a stepped enlargement. The channel terminates in a second nearly pear-shaped vortex chamber whose axis is perpendicular to that of the first vortex chamber. Also the second vortex chamber tapers towards its axial outlet and ends there at the suction side of a pump wheel from which the liquid mixture is delivered to a compensation chamber surrounding the first vortex chamber and is fed back therefrom into the first vortex chamber through tangential intake openings at the transition of the first vortex chamber into the outlet of said vortex chamber. This cycle is passed through by the liquid mixture at least ten times such that an emulsion with droplets suspended in the fuel and having an average size of 3 to 6 micron is created. A corresponding emulsion portion is branched off from the cycle in the area of the biggest circumference of the second vortex chamber to the injection pump of the diesel motor and fresh premixed fuel and water are --as also the remaining emulsion not used up in the injection pump--introduced into the system at the suction side of the pump wheel.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a water-in-fuel-emulsion and a water-in-fuel-emulsion produceable by said method and having very fine water droplets evenly distributed in the emulsion.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus of the present kind which is relatively simply designed and yet highly effective for the generation of the emulsion.
The method for producing a water-in-fuel-emulsion comprises introducing water and fuel, supplied in dosed quantities, into a flow vortex rotating about an axis and mixing the water and the fuel in said vortex to obtain a mixture thereof which is accelerated along said axis, whereafter the rotating mixture is suddenly decelerated and thereafter recirculated into the flow vortex. According to the invention, the water and the fuel are separately introduced into said flow vortex, the water being introduced into said vortex by high pressure atomization, said mixture being compressed in a circulating pump after being decelerated and before being recirculated.
The emulsifier-free water-in-fuel-emulsion of water droplets dispersed in the fuel and produceable by the method, wherein the amount of water in the emulsion falls in the range of 5 to 35 Vol%, is characterized according to the invention by being a stable colloid with a water droplet size of 1000 nm or less.
Further, the apparatus of the invention, having the construction as mentioned at the beginning of the present specification is characterized in that the axial end portion of the vortex chamber facing away from the outlet is surrounded by a ring channel running coaxially or spirally to the vortex chamber, the ring channel being connected to the vortex chamber via inlet slots which are at least approximately tangentially aligned to it and in which a fuel inlet channel tangentially ends, in that an electromagnetically controlled water injection nozzle leads into the ring channel or--preferably--into the end portion of the vortex
REFERENCES:
patent: 3606868 (1971-09-01), Voogd
patent: 4388893 (1983-06-01), Apfel
patent: 4412512 (1983-11-01), Cottell
patent: 4696279 (1987-09-01), Lindberg
patent: 4831971 (1989-05-01), Ott et al.
patent: 4938606 (1990-07-01), Kunz
Kessler Alfred
Ulrich Armando
Dolinar Andrew M.
Harrier GmbH
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