Surgery – Instruments – Forceps
Patent
1998-05-29
2000-05-23
Jackson, Gary
Surgery
Instruments
Forceps
605151, 605207, A61B 1728
Patent
active
060661593
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a surgical instrument comprising two legs pivotably joined with each other by means of a joint, which legs on a first side of the joint have gripping surfaces directed towards each other and on the other side of the joint are equipped each with a handgrip and locking means by means of which the legs are lockable with each other.
Developments in surgery tend towards less invasive methods. Instead of so-called open abdominal surgery where the abdomen is opened through a large cut in the abdominal wall, laparoscopy, which is generally known as key-hole surgery is used. In a special form of laparoscopy, called gas-laparoscopy, a space for the inspection and instrumentation is formed through the abdomen being expanded with carbon dioxide gas. An opening with a size of about 5-15 mm is made in the wall of the abdomen and gastight inlet ports, also known as trocars, are arranged in the opening. Specially manufactured instruments which have a round cross-section can enter the abdomen through the trocars. An optical instrument such as an laparoscope can be present among these instruments.
As during gas laparoscopy the trocars and instruments together must make a gastight seal, expensive, specially manufactured (but in many cases inadequate instruments) are required. Furthermore, the gas pressure forms a load on the circulatory system of the body which comprises the heart and blood vessels and there is a risk of leakage of the gas to the blood.
In order to avoid these problems, so-called gasless laparoscopy can be performed. A space for inspection and instrumentation is formed through the front abdominal wall being lifted upwards with the help of a mechanical arrangement. The gasless technique means that surgical instruments of varying sizes, which are found in abundance in every central operation room, can be introduced down through the abdominal wall. These instruments with differently shaped shafts can be inserted into the abdomen without the use of trocars.
Hemostatic forceps are instruments with flattened jaws which can surround a large or a small volume of tissues and with a powerful grip hold them collected with no flow of blood until it is desired to release the tissue alternatively knot them together with a thread. The instrument belongs to one of the most used during general abdominal surgery and one or more of such hemostatic forceps can nearlv always be found in every operation. Hemostatic forceps are a favorite instrument among surgeons and are difficult to replace with other known clamps of various constructions which are used to grip a small volume of tissue. The usability of the hemostatic forceps depends on its construction with two legs equipped with loops which are held together with a joint and which can be easily manipulated. The jaws of the hemostatic forceps can be closed with a large force and locked in the closed position by means of a locking means. The large closing force is achieved by the joint being positioned in a direction towards the jaws. In this way the length of the part of the respective leg, called the shaft, which is situated between the joint and the respective loops, is large which means that a large torque can be achieved around the joint when the respective loops are moved in a direction towards each other by means of hand force. Such a hemostatic forceps according to the known art is shown in FIG. 1 of the appended drawing. Clamps of different constructions intended to replace hemostatic forceps do not have the same force in closure.
In gasless laparoscopy surgery such a known hemostatic forceps can be used but the shaft of the hemostatic forceps blocks the inlet opening used in the body in the continued gasless technique and furthermore makes it impossible to shift to the gas technique because the shaft has an irregular shape which does not permit the use of a gastight inlet port.
The object of the present invention is to produce a surgical instrument which can be used in both gasless laparoscopy and gas laparoscopy without blocking the in
REFERENCES:
patent: 5275624 (1994-01-01), Haber et al.
patent: 5304183 (1994-04-01), Gourlay et al.
patent: 5514147 (1996-05-01), Hoskin et al.
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