Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Treatment of live animal
Patent
1995-11-09
1997-12-23
Kepplinger, Esther
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Treatment of live animal
426231, 426623, 426630, 426636, 426658, 426656, 426807, A23K 100
Patent
active
RE0356999
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The daily growth of an animal is to a large degree dependent upon the way in which the nutrients are absorbed in the gut. The absorption of many nutrients such as monosaccharides and amino acids are coupled to the transport/flux of fluid and electrolytes across the intestinal wall. The ability of the body to regulate the flux of fluid and electrolytes across the intestinal mucosa is therefore essential for the daily growth.
During recent years important findings concerning the ability of the body to regulate the exchange of fluid and electrolytes in the gut have been made. Various peptides with the capacity to enhance the resorption of fluid and electrolytes across the intestinal wall have been identified. The most important of these hormone-like peptides are somatostatin, neuropeptide Y (ref. 1, 2) and the so called antisecretory proteins, ASP (3, 4). ASP reverses the secretion and increases the resorption of fluid and electrolytes in the gut; it is the hitherto most potent substance in this respect in rat and pig (4, 5); the molecular weight is about 60000 dalton and the protein chain contains unique antigenic determinants (4). The effect of ASP is determined in rat in a so called intestinal loop test; a section (loop) of the small intestine is ligated by means of a suture; in the loop a certain amount of cholera toxin (usually 3.times.10.sup.-6 g) concomitantly with a test substance (antisecretory substance) or a buffer (placebo) is injected intravenously. As a result of the toxic action fluid is secreted into the intestinal loop after a few hours. The antisecrertory effect of the substance, expressed in units, is calculated from the ratio of the weight and the length of the affected loop (mg/cm) in control and test animals (1 unit=the amount of antisecretory substance giving a 50% inhibition of the fluid secretion in the intestinal loop; see reference 3 and 4).
Studies on pigs have revealed that ASP is formed spontaneously and secreted into colostrum and breast milk; during the suckling ASP seems to be transferred to the new-born piglet (6), and a high concentration of ASP in the milk protects the offspring against neonatal diarrhoea.
Surprisingly, it has now been found that the addition to the feed of certain sugars and amino acids induces formation of ASP-like lectines as well as an increase of the daily growth of the animal. The induced proteins and the naturally appearing ASP-protein have the same molecular weights and exert similar intestinal effects, but they differ in their antigenic (antibody-binding) characteristics and their isoelectric point; furthermore they differ in their capacity to be attached to certain polysaccharides such as agarose; like other lectines they are able to elute from the polysaccharide by use of monosaccharides such as .alpha.-methyl-D-glucoside or galactose. We will therefore subsequently name these new proteins which are induced by sugars or amino acids "feed-induced lectins" (FIL). The sugars used are mono- or disaccharides or sugar alcohols. The amino acids used are alfa-amino acids. In certain cases the amino acids might be replaced or complemented by amides.
As mentioned above, according to the process of the invention, the sugars used are mono- or disaccharides or sugar alcohols. The preferred sugars are glucose, saccharose and sorbitol. Other sugars which may be used are fructose, galactose, mannose, lactose, mannitol and xylitol.
As mentioned above the amino acids used are alfa-amino acids. The preferred amino acids are tryptophan, aspartic acid lysine, threonine, and methionine. Other amino acids which may be used include glycine, alanine, serine, proline, phenyl alanine, tyrosine, arginine, histidine and glutamic acid. As mentioned above the amino acids in certain cases may be replaced or supplemented by amides. The preferred amide is urea.
Thus, the subject of the invention is a process to correct the composition of the feed leading to the induction of formation of FIL. Like vaccination the process is founded on the induction of synthesis of specific vertebr
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Goransson Leif
Lange Stefan
Lonnroth Ivar
Martinsson Kjell
Kepplinger Esther
Koh Choon P.
Svenska Lantmannens Riksforbund UPA
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