Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1994-04-07
1997-05-20
Voeltz, Emanuel T.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
36457101, 364569, G06F 1500
Patent
active
056318553
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to methods and apparatus for analyzing physical quantities and to an apparatus for reducing line spectrum noise. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for calculating physical quantities of physical sources based upon measured values of physical quantities which are obtained at plural points apart from the physical sources and observation conditions at measuring timing, and relates to apparatus for reducing line spectrum noises from a measured signal which includes line spectrum noises.
BACKGROUND ART
In the past, an apparatus has been proposed which analyzes biological magnetic field sources (one species of physical sources) by disposing plural Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (hereinafter referred to as SQUID) magnetometers in a closed condition relative to the living organism, the SQUID magnetometer employing SQUIDs.
The apparatus performs the following processes using a supercomputer. That is, search space which is searched by the plural SQUID magnetometers. Input parameters of a current source i are position information P(x,y,z) and a current vector I(X,Y,Z), thereby 6 m-numbered parameters xi,yi,zi,Xi,Yi,Zi (i=1,2, . . . m) are determined using random numbers. process which is described later. corresponding current element k and the total estimated error. That is, processings of position information Ps (xs, ys, zs)=Pk (xk, yk, zk), a current vector Is (Xs, Ys, Zs)=Ik (Xk, Yk, Zk), and a total estimated error Es=E are carried out, wherein a suffix k indicates data of a current element k, and a suffix s indicates evaluated data. quantities using random numbers. That is, when extremely small quantities are supposed as .DELTA.x, .DELTA.y, .DELTA.z, .DELTA.X, .DELTA.Y, .DELTA.Z, processing of Pk (xk, yk, zk)=Pk (xk+.DELTA.x, yk+.DELTA.y, zk+.DELTA.z) Ik (Xk, Yk, Zk)=(Xk+.DELTA.X, Yk+.DELTA.Y, Zk+.DELTA.Z) are carried out. process which is described later. error E, and restoring the information which are evaluated at the processing d) when the total estimated error Es is smaller than the total estimated error E. That is, processing of position information pk (xk, yk, zk)=pk (xs, ys, zs), a current vector Ik (Xk, Yk, Zk)=Is (Xs, Ys, Zs), and a total estimated error E=Es are carried out.
The estimated error calculating process is as follows.
I. Magnetic field at each measuring point j(j=1,2, . . . N) is calculated based upon parameters of each current element. That is, points j. law, the magnetic field Beij being generated at a measuring point j by a current element i. magnetic field Bej being generated at the measuring point j by m-numbered current elements. ##EQU1##
II. Calculating an estimated error Ej based upon a measured value Bj(BXj,BYj,BZj) at each measuring point j and an estimated value Bej based upon all current elements, and calculating a total estimated error E. That is, following equation. ##EQU2##
When the magnetic field sources are analyzed using the apparatus mentioned above, correct analysis results seem to be obtained finally because parameters of current elements k are varied by extremely small quantities so as to decrease the total estimated error E.
But, when the initial condition of current elements k are determined as is illustrated in FIG. 22(A), the current elements k are varied to a condition illustrated in FIG. 22(B) when 2,400 times of processing are carried out, and the current elements k are varied to a condition illustrated in FIG. 22(C) when 3,600 times of processing are carried out. Consequently, final solutions cannot be obtained. When FIGS. 22(B) and (C) are compared to one another, condition of the current element k is varied very slightly, therefore a disadvantage arises in that final solution cannot be obtained even when a number of times of processing is increased. Even if 3,600 times of processing are carried out using a supercomputer, it takes about 20 minutes, therefore the apparatus cannot be utilized at all.
The inventor has found causes for the disadvantages. The causes are
REFERENCES:
patent: 4034207 (1977-07-01), Tamada et al.
Kobayashi, Fujio et al., IEE Journal thesis, No. 92--vol.A, 9th edit., (Tokyo), "Successive Approxmation of Hypercomples Simultaneous equations using Measurements" pp. 431-439 1972.
Murata, Kenro et al., Super Computer Application to Scientific technological calculations, Maruzen pp. 136-153 Mar. 15, 1985.
Kobayashi, Fujio, Solutions of Simultnaous linear equations in bad conditions with restrictions, Information Processing, vol. 16, 9th edit. pp. 789-794 1975.
Daikin Industries Ltd.
Shah Kamini
Voeltz Emanuel T.
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