Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Having -c- – wherein x is chalcogen – bonded directly to...
Patent
1995-07-03
1997-05-20
Robinson, Allen J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Having -c-, wherein x is chalcogen, bonded directly to...
424 935, A01N 4302, A01N 4322, A01N 6300, A01N 6304
Patent
active
056312768
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP93/03128 filed Nov. 9, 1993.
Frequently, the potency of biological pesticides is insufficient to protect crops of useful plants adequately against pests. This is why, to date, preference has been given to chemical insecticides. Integrated crop protection is intended to minimize the use of chemicals without having to accept reduced yields. The work of Soper et al. (1974, Environmental Entomology, 3, 560-562) shows that the growth of entomopathogenic fungi is inhibited by the simultaneous use of insecticides. Even though this depends on the type and the amount of the agent used, it can be seen from the data that endosulfan has a powerful adverse effect on the growth of the fungi. Filho et al. (1987, Biologico, 53, 7-12, 69-70) also report that the growth of Beauveria bassiana is inhibited by a range of insecticides, inter alia endosulfan.
Surprisingly, it has now been found that the compound endosulfan and spores or particles of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, when used together, show an exceedingly good activity against a broad spectrum of different insects and Acarina.
The present invention relates to insecticidal and acaricidal compositions which comprise an effective amount of endosulfan (A) ##STR2## in combination with the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (B).
The compound endosulfan is well known from the literature and is prepared and marketed by Hoechst AG (Frankfurt, Germany) for example in the form of Thiodan. The fungus Beauveria bassiana has been described by Bassi, A. (1836, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 2, 434 to 436), Domsch, V. H. et al. (190, Compendium of Soil Fungi 1, 136 to 139) and Samson, R. A. et al. (1988, Atlas of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Springer-Verlag, Berlin) and is available from Mycotech (Butte, Mont., USA), from Hoechst AG and from Fermone Corp. (Phoenix, Ariz., USA). In the text which follows, the term active substance is also used for each of the two components A or B.
The mixing ratios of the two components can vary within wide limits. They depend, in particular, on the mixing partner employed, on the development stage of the pests and on the climatic conditions.
The active substance combinations according to the invention can exist either in the form of mixed formulations of the two components, which are then diluted with water in the customary manner or applied as granules, or they can be prepared as so-called tank mixes by jointly diluting the components, which are formulated separately, with water.
The invention also relates to compositions which contain the two components A and B in addition to suitable formulation auxiliaries.
The components can be formulated in a variety of ways, depending on the given biological and/or chemico-physical parameters. Suitable formulation options are, for example: yeast formulations, starch formulations, wettable powders (WP), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), aqueous solutions (SL), emulsions (EW) such as oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, sprayable solutions or emulsions, dispersions on an oil or water basis, suspoemulsions, dusts (DP), seed-dressing agents, granules for soil application or broadcasting or water-dispersible granules (WG) and (WEG), ULV formulations, microcapsules, baits (substrates) or waxes.
Particularly interesting are oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, wettable powders or granules.
These individual formulation types are known in principle and are described, for example, in: Winnacker-Kuchler, "Chemische Technologie [Chemical Technology]", Volume 7, C. Hauser Verlag Munich, 4th Ed., 1986; van Valkenburg, "Pesticides Formulations", Marcel Dekker N.Y., 2nd Ed. 1972-73; K. Martens, "Spray Drying Handbook", 3rd Ed., G. Goodwin Ltd. London.
The formulation auxiliaries required, such as inert materials, surfactants, solvents and other additives, are also known and are described, for example, in: Watkins, "Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers", 2nd Ed., Darland Books, Caldwell N.J.; H. v. Olphen, "Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry
REFERENCES:
patent: 4271181 (1981-06-01), Eastburg
patent: 4751082 (1988-06-01), Schaerffenberg et al.
Anderson, T.R., et al., "Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana Isolates with Insecticide Formulations Used in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Control" J. Econ. Entomol. 76: 1437-1441, (1983).
Boas, Artemesia Meneses Vilas, "Efeito de Inseticidas en Subdoses sobre o Fungo Beauveria bassiana E Sobre as Brocas da Cana-de Acucar" Arq. Biol. Techol. 34(2), 287-302, Jun. 1991.
Olmert, I, et al., "Sensitivity of the Entolopathogenic Fungi, Beauveria bassiana, Verticillium lecanii, and Verticillium sp. to Fungicides and Insecticides" Entomological Society of America, 3: 33-38, (Feb. 15, 1974).
Prior, C., et al., "Infectivity of Oil and Water Formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) to the Cocoa Weevil Pest Pantorhytes plutus (Coleoptera: Cruculionidae)" J. Invertebrate Pathology, 52:66-72, (1988).
Hoechst Schering AgrEvo GmbH
Robinson Allen J.
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