Optical switch based on 1.times.2 directional coupler

Details Optical switch based on 1.times.2 directional coupler Optical switch based on 1.times.2 directional coupler

1989-03-22

1990-07-10

Sikes, William L.

350 9613, G02B 610

Patent

active

049403052

ABSTRACT:
An optical switch that does not require precise voltage control to produce the crossover and straight-through states. The switch comprises an electro-optic substrate in which a pattern of optical waveguides is formed, the pattern including an input waveguide that branches to form first and second output waveguides. The output waveguides pass through a coupling region within which evanescent field coupling can occur. A first pair of electrodes produces a first propagation constant difference .DELTA..beta..sub.1 in a first section of the coupling region, and a second pair of electrodes produces a second difference .DELTA..beta..sub.2 in a second section of the coupling region. By forming the first and second sections to have different lengths, and by causing .DELTA..beta..sub.1 and .DELTA..beta..sub.2 to have opposite polarities, an optical swtich is provided having wide voltage tolerances for the crossover and straight-through states.

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patent: 4145109 (1979-03-01), Nelson
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patent: 4492425 (1985-01-01), Kersten et al.
patent: 4679893 (1987-07-01), Ramer
patent: 4820009 (1987-08-01), Thaniyavarn
Kogelnik, H. and Schmidt, R., "Switched Directional Couplers with Alternating .DELTA..beta.", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. QE-12, No. 7, pp. 396 (Jul. 1976).
Thaniyavarn, S., "Cross-talk Characteristics of .DELTA..beta. Phase Reversal Directional Coupler Switches", Reprint of Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 578, (Sep. 1985).
Brochure, "OGW Traveling-Wave 2.times.2 Switch with and without Fiber Optic Pigtails", Crystal Technology, Inc., 2 pages (Apr. 1988).
Brochure, "OGW 2.times.2 Switch with and without Fiber Optic Pigtails", Crystal Technology, Inc., 2 pages (Mar. 1988).
Thaniyavarn, S., "Self-biased 1.times.2 Modified Directional Coupler Modulator", SPIE, vol. 789, Optical Technology for Microwave Applications III (1987).
Yariv, A., "Coupled-Mode Theory for Guided-Wave Optics", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. QE-9, No. 9, (Sep. 1973).
Thaniyavarn, S., "Modulation Diagrams of Coupled-waveguide Interferometers and Directional Couplers", 8 pages (Aug. 1987).
Schmidt, R. V. and Kogelnik, H., "Electro-optically Switched Coupler with Stepped .DELTA..beta. Reversal using Ti-diffused LiNbO.sub.3 Waveguides", Applied Physics Letters, vol. 28, No. 9, (May 1976).
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"Modified 1.times.2 Direction Coupler Waveguide Modulator", Electronic Letters, (Aug. 1986).

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