Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – tissue cell culture or enzyme using process... – Preparing nitrogen-containing organic compound
Patent
1998-08-11
2000-03-14
Lilling, Herbert J.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...
Preparing nitrogen-containing organic compound
435146, 4352521, 435822, 435830, C12P 742, C12N 120
Patent
active
060371552
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process to prepare .alpha.-hydroxy acid based on hydrolysis of hydroxy nitrile by means of using microorganisms and novel microorganisms. Among .alpha.-hydroxy acids, lactic acid is useful for foods, brewing and other industrial uses, while 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid is useful as a feed additive for livestock.
BACKGROUND OF ART
In the past, the following methods have been known as a method for preparing .alpha.-hydroxy acid [II] by using .alpha.-hydroxynitrile [I] as the starting material and by means of using microorganisms. microorganism, such as Bacillus spp., Bacterizium spp., Micrococcus spp. and Brevibacterium spp., which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 58-15120. 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid by using a microorganism belonging to Corynebacterium spp., which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Sho 61-56086. 2-hydroxy-2-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid and mandelic acid by using a microorganism, such as Pseudomonas spp., Arthrobacter spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Cocryoboros spp. and Fusarium spp., which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Sho 63-222696. a microorganism, such as Arthrobacter spp., Aspergillus spp., Bacillus spp., Bacterizium spp., Brevibacterium spp., Cocryoboros spp., Corynebacterium spp., Micrococcus spp., Nocardia spp., Penicillium spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Fusarium spp., which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Sho 64-10996. microorganism, such as Rhodococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Arthrobacter spp. and Brevibacterium spp., which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Hei 4-40897. using a microorganism, such as Caseobater spp., Pseudomonas spp., Alcaligenes spp., Corynebacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp., Nocardia spp., Rhodococcus spp. and Arthrobacter spp., which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Hei 4-40898. microorganism, such as Alcaligenes spp., Rhodococcus spp. and Goldona spp., which is disclosed in WO 96/09403. using a microorganism, such as Pantoea spp., Micrococcus spp. and Bacterizium spp., which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Hei 8-173175.
However, the methods for preparing .alpha.-hydroxy acid as mentioned above are not always recognized as satisfactory one which can produce and accumulate an objective substance at a high concentration. For example, in case of lactic acid, only 9.8% by weight accumulation thereof is recognized when one of Corynebacterium spp. is used as the microorganism (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Sho 61-56086), only 10% by weight accumulation thereof is recognized when one of Pseudomonas spp. is used (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Sho 63-222696) and only 0.15% by weight accumulation thereof is recognized when one of Arthrobacter spp. is used (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Sho 63-222696). Whereas, the accumulation of .alpha.-hydroxyisobutyric acid by using one of Pseudomonas spp. is found to be as much as 0.8% by weight (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Sho 63-222696), the accumulated amount of .alpha.-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid is found to be 188 mM (2.8% by weight) by using one of Caseobater spp. (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Hei 4-40898), 55 mM (0.8% by weight) by using one of Arthrobacter spp. (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Hei 4-40898) and 940 mM (14% by weight) by using one of Alcaligenes spp. (WO 96/09403), respectively.
As a reason for the low accumulation concentration of such products as described above, it is considered that some enzymatic activity relating thereto might be inhibited in the presence of cyanic acid (Agricultural Biological Chemistry, Vol.46, page 1165, 1982) which is generated in the partial dissociation of .alpha.-hydroxy nitrile in water together with the corresponding aldehyde or ketone (Chemical Reviews, Vol.42, Page 189, 1948). Further, a possibility that the related-enzyme is inactivated in a short time with the dissociated-aldehyde has been also pointed out. As a solution to prevent such inactivation of the enzyme, a method to add either acidic sulfite ions
REFERENCES:
patent: 5296373 (1994-03-01), Endo et al.
patent: 5508181 (1996-04-01), Hashimoto et al.
patent: 5736385 (1998-04-01), Tamura et al.
Hayakawa Koichi
Kobayashi Yo-ichi
Ohira Mahito
Watabe Ken
LaPointe Dennis G.
Lilling Herbert J.
Mason, Jr. Joseph C.
Nippon Soda Co. Ltd.
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