Photocopying – Projection printing and copying cameras – With temperature or foreign particle control
Patent
1996-10-01
1998-09-22
Moses, R. L.
Photocopying
Projection printing and copying cameras
With temperature or foreign particle control
355 53, 355 67, G03B 2742, G03B 2754
Patent
active
058122427
ABSTRACT:
A projection exposure apparatus according to the present invention (in particular, an excimer stepper) includes a projection optical system, which may include a lens element of synthetic quartz and a lens element of fluorite. The synthetic quartz lens element is temperature-controlled by a first temperature controller with a degree of accuracy of .+-.0.01.degree. C., for example. The fluorite lens element is temperature-controlled by a second temperature controller with a degree of accuracy of .+-.0.005.degree. C., for example. Therefore, even if the projection optical system includes lens elements with different coefficients of thermal expansion, temperature control can be made with accuracy suitable for each of the elements. Consequently, the apparatus is not enlarged. In addition, with an exposure light source of even short wavelength, it is possible to attain good imaging characteristics.
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patent: 5638223 (1997-06-01), Ikeda
Moses R. L.
Nikon Corporation
Virmani Shival
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